Effect of Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids on Membrane Fouling During Short and long-term Operation of Membrane Bioreactor
Main Article Content
Keywords
membrane bioreactor, membrane fouling, volatile suspended solid, extracellular polymeric substances
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids (MLVSS) concentrations on membrane fouling, in a submerged Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) at short and long-term MBR operation for wastewater treatment. Three laboratory-scale in a submerged MBR system were operated under critical flux, sub-critical flux, and an intermittent suction time and backwashing conditions. At shortterm MBR operation with mixed liquors of 4,200 and 6,150 mg MLVSS L-1, the hydraulic resistance of membranes followed a same trajectory with averages of 5.0E+12 m-1, whereas for 7,940 mg MLVSS L-1, a high resistance of up to 1.7E+13 m-1 was obtained. The result showed that high biomass concentrations decreased to permeability due to a bio-layer formed in the membrane surface and high Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS).
PACS: 87.18.-h, 92.40.kc, 87.16.dj, 92.40.Qk, 47.63.-b
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References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a017
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H.F. Van de Roest, D.P Lawrence, and A.G.N. Van Bentem, "Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment", STOWA Report London, UK: IWA Publishing, 2002
S.M. Lee, J.Y. Jung, and Y.C. Chung, "Novel method for enhancing permeate flux of submerged membrane system in two phase anaerobic reactor", Water Research, vol. 35, pp. 471-477, 2001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00255-4
S.I. Patsios, and A.J. Karabelas, "An investigation of the long-term filtration performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR): The role of specific organic fractios", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 372, pp.102-115, 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.055
B. Wu, S. Yi, and A. G. Fane, "Microbial behaviors involved in cake fouling in membrane bioreactors under different solids retention times", Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 2511-2516. 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.045
R. Van den Broeck, J. Van Dierdonck, P. Nijskens, C. Dotremont, P. Krzeminski, J. Van der Graaf, J. Van Lier, J. Van Impe, and I. Smets, "The influence of solids retention time on activated sludge bioflocculation and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR)", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 401, pp. 48-55, 2012
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:11(1018)
N. Cicek, J. Macomber, J. Davel, M.T. Suidan, J. Audic, and P. Genestet, "Effect of solids retention time on the performance and biological characteristics of a membrane bioreactor", Water Science and Technology, vol. 43, pp. 43-50, 2001
N. Yamato, K. Kimura, T. Miyoshi, and Y. Watanabe, "Difference in membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) caused by membrane polymer materials", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 280, pp. 911-919, 2006
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.03.009
A. Drews, "Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors-Characterization, contradictions, causes and cures", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 363, pp.1-28, 2010
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.06.046
K. Xiao, X.M. Wang, X. Huang, T.D. Waite, and X.H. Wen, "Analysis of polysaccharide, protein and humic acid retention by microfiltration membranes using Thomas' dynamic adsorption model", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 342, pp. 22-34, 2009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2009.06.016
H.J. Lin, K. Xie, B. Mahendran, D.M. Bagley, K.T. Leung, S.N. Liss, and B.Q. Liao, "Sludge properties and their effects on membrane fouling in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SAnMBRs)", Water Research, vol. 43, pp. 3827-3837, 2009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.05.025
S.C. Wu, and C.M. Lee, "Correlation between fouling propensity of soluble extracellular polymeric substances and sludge metabolic activity altered by different starvation conditions", Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 5375-5380, 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.093
F.Y. Sun, X.M. Wang, and X.Y. Li, "Change in the fouling propensity of sludge in membrane bioreactors (MBR) in relation to the accumulation of biopolymer clusters", Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 4718-4725, 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.048
Z. Wang, Z. Wu, and S. Tang, "Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) properties and their effects on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor", Water Research, vol. 43, pp. 2504-2512, 2009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.02.026
K.H. Choo, and C.H. Lee, "Membrane fouling mechanisms in the membrane-coupled anaerobic bioreactor", Water Research, vol. 30, pp. 1771-1779, 1996
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(96)00053-X
L. M. Defrance, and Y. Jaffrin, « Comparison between filtration at fixed transmembrane pressure and fixed flux: application to a membrane bioreactor used for wastewater treatment", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 152, pp. 203-210, 1999
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00220-8
B.D. Cho, and A.G. Fane, "Fouling transients in nominally sub-critical flux operation of a membrane bioreactor", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 209, pp. 391-403, 2002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00321-6
R.W. Field, D. Wu, J.A. Howell, and B.B. Gupta, "Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling", Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 100, pp. 259-272,1995
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(94)00265-Z
Y. Kaichang, W. Xianghua, B. QingJie, and X. Huang, "Critical flux enhancements with air sparging in axial hollow fibers cross-flow microfiltration of biologically treated wastewater", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 224, pp. 69-79, 2003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2003.07.001
S. Ognier, C. Wisniewski, and A. Grasmick, "Membrane bioreactor fouling in sub-critical filtration conditions: a local critical flux concept", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 229, pp. 171-177, 2004
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2003.10.026
A. Pollice, A. Brookes, B. Jefferson, and S. Judd, "Sub-critical flux fouling in membrane bioreactors–a review of recent literature", Desalination, vol. 174, pp. 221-230, 2005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2004.09.012
T. Ueda, K. Hata, and Y. Kikuoka, "Treatment of domestic sewage from rural settlements by a membrane bioreactor", Water Science and Technology, vol. 34, pp. 189-196, 1996
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(96)00803-7
H.C. Chua, T.C. Arnot, and J.A. Howell, "Controlling fouling in membrane bioreactors operated with a variable throughput", Desalination, vol. 149, pp. 225-229, 2002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(02)00764-6
J.P. Nywening, H. Zhou, and H. Husain, "Comparison of mixed liquor filterability measured with bench and pilot-scale membrane bioreactors", Water Science and Technology, vol. 56, pp. 155-162, 2007
http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.644
P. Le-Clech, B. Jefferson, I. S. Chang, and S. Judd, "Critical flux determination by the flux-step method in a submerged membrane bioreactor", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 227, pp. 81-93, 2003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2003.07.021
O.H. Lowry, N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr, and R.J. Randall, "Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent", Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 193, pp. 265-275, 1951
M. Dubois, K. Gilles, J.K. Hamilton, P.A. Rebers, and F. Smith, "Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances", Analytical Chemistry, vol. 28, pp. 350-356, 1956
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a017
APHA, AWWA, and WPCF, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater", 21st ed. (Eaton, A.D. Clesceri, A.E., Rice EW and Greenberg, A.E. ed.), American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation 2005.
H.F. Van de Roest, D.P Lawrence, and A.G.N. Van Bentem, "Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment", STOWA Report London, UK: IWA Publishing, 2002
S.M. Lee, J.Y. Jung, and Y.C. Chung, "Novel method for enhancing permeate flux of submerged membrane system in two phase anaerobic reactor", Water Research, vol. 35, pp. 471-477, 2001
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00255-4
S.I. Patsios, and A.J. Karabelas, "An investigation of the long-term filtration performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR): The role of specific organic fractios", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 372, pp.102-115, 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.055
B. Wu, S. Yi, and A. G. Fane, "Microbial behaviors involved in cake fouling in membrane bioreactors under different solids retention times", Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 2511-2516. 2011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.045
R. Van den Broeck, J. Van Dierdonck, P. Nijskens, C. Dotremont, P. Krzeminski, J. Van der Graaf, J. Van Lier, J. Van Impe, and I. Smets, "The influence of solids retention time on activated sludge bioflocculation and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR)", Journal Membrane Science, vol. 401, pp. 48-55, 2012
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.028