El teletrabajo como mitigador de los impactos económicos de la pandemia del COVID-19. El caso de Argentina

Main Article Content

Pablo de la Vega https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-4351
Leonardo Gasparini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2264-8399

Keywords

covid-19, mercado laboral, teletrabajo, Argentina

Resumen

Este artículo estima el papel del teletrabajo como mitigador del impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en el mercado laboral argentino. Para ese propósito, se analiza la relación entre el potencial de teletrabajo a nivel ocupacional estimado en base a tres encuestas diferentes (O*NET, PIAAC, y STEP), y los resultados del mercado laboral a nivel individual, explotando la estructura de paneles rotativos
de la encuesta nacional de hogares. Se encontró que durante el pico de las restricciones por la pandemia, el potencial del teletrabajo estuvo positivamente relacionado con la probabilidad de estar activo y empleado. Estos efectos están concentrados en la submuestra de  trabajadores “no esenciales”. Por el contrario, no encontramos efectos sistemáticos del potencial del teletrabajo en las transiciones laborales antes de la pandemia, lo cual es un resultado consistente con nuestra estrategia de identificación.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Abstract 1390 | PDF (English) Downloads 1029

Referencias

Adams-Prassl, A., Boneva, T., Golin, M., & Rauh, C. (2020a). Work that can be done from home: Evidence on variation within and across occupations and industries. CEPR Discussion Paper, 14901.

Adams-Prassl, A., Boneva, T., Golin, M., & Rauh, C. (2020b). Inequality in the impact of the coronavirus shock: Evidence from real time surveys. Journal of Public Economics, 189.

Albrieu, R (2020). Evaluando las oportunidades y los límites del teletrabajo en Argentina en tiempos del COVID-19. Buenos Aires: CIPPEC.

Avdiu, B., & Nayyar, G. (2020). When face-to-face interactions become an occupational hazard: Jobs in the time of COVID-19. Economics Letters, 197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109648

Barbieri, T., Basso, G., & Scicchitano, S. (2020). Italian workers at risk during the COVID-19 epidemic. Inapp Working Paper, 46, 175-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40797-021-00164-1

Bartik, A., Cullen, Z., Glaeser, E., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. (2020b). What Jobs are Being Done at Home during the COVID-19 Crisis? Evidence from Firm-Level Surveys. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, 27422. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27422

BCRA. (2021). Informe de Política Monetaria. Banco Central de la República Argentina.

Bonavida Foschiatti, C., & Gasparini, L. (2020). Asimetrías en la viabilidad del trabajo remoto. Económica, 66, 015. https://doi.org/10.24215/18521649e015

Cajner, T., Crane, L. D., Decker, R. A., Grigsby, J., Hamins-Puertolas, A., Hurst, E., Kurz, C., & Yildirmaz, A. (2020). The U.S. Labor Market during the Beginning of the Pandemic Recession. NBER Working Papers 27159.

CEPAL (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe), CAF (Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina), DPL Consulting & Telecom Advisory Services. (2020). Las oportunidades de la digitalización en América Latina frente al COVID-19. Corporación Andina de Fomento.

Coibion, O., Gorodnichenko, Y., & Weber, M. (2020). Labor markets during the COVID-19 crisis: A preliminary view. NBER, w227017.

Corbacho, A., Garcia-Escribano, M., & Inchauste, G. (2007). Argentina: Macroeconomic Crisis and Household Vulnerability. Review of Development Economics, 11(1), 92-106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2007.00384.x

Dicarlo, E., Bello, S. L., Monroy-Taborda, S., Oviedo, A. M., Sanchez-Puerta, M. L., & Santos, I. (2016). The Skill Content of Occupations Across Low and Middle Income Countries: Evidence from Harmonized Data. IZA DP, 10224.

Dingel, J. I., & Neiman, B. (2020). How many jobs can be done at home?. Journal of Public Economics, 189.

European Commission. (2020). 2020 European Semester: Country-specific recommendations.

Fallon, P., & Lucas, R. E. B. (2002). The Impact of Financial Crises on Labor Markets, Household Incomes, and Poverty: A Review of Evidence. The World Bank Research Observer, 17(1), 21-45. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3986398

Garrote Sanchez, D., Gomez Parra, N., Ozden, C., Rijkers, B., Viollaz, M., & Winkler, H. (2020). Who on Earth Can Work from Home?. Policy Research Working Paper, 9347. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34277 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.

Gottlieb, C., Grobovsek, J., & Poschke, M. (2020). Working from home across countries. IZA Discussion Papers, 13737.

Guntin, R. (2020). Trabajo a distancia y con contacto en Uruguay. Rafael Guntin. http://www.rguntin.com/other/employment_uru/employment_uru_covid.pdf

Hale, T., Anania, J., Angrist, N., Boby, T., Cameron-Blake, E., Ellen, L., Goldszmidt, R., Hallas, L., Kira, B., Luciano, M., Majumdar, S., Nagesh, R., Petherick, A., Phillips, T., Tatlow, H., Webster, S., Wood, A., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Variation in Government Responses to COVID-19. Blavatnik School of Government Working Paper. www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/covidtracker

Hassan, T. A., Hollander, S., van Lent, L., & Tahoun, A. (2020). Firm-level exposure to epidemic diseases: Covid-19, SARS, and H1N1. NBER w26971.

Hatayama, M., Viollaz, M., & Winkler, H. (2020). Jobs’ Amenability to Working from Home: Evidence from Skills Surveys for 53 Countries. World Bank. http://www.worldbank.org/prwp

Hoynes, H., Miller, D. L., & Schalle, J. (2012). Who suffers during recessions?. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(3), 27-48.

INDEC. (2020). Mercado de trabajo. Tasas e indicadores socioeconómicos (EPH) Tercer trimestre de 2020. Trabajo e ingresos, 4(7).

Koebel, K., & Pohler, D. (2020). Labor markets in crisis: The causal impact of Canada's COVD19 economic shutdown on hours worked for workers across the earnings distribution. Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF) Working Paper Series, 25.

Leibovici, F., Santacreu, A. M., & Famiglietti, M. (2020). Social distancing and contact-intensive occupations. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2020/march/social-distancing-contact-intensive-occupations

Lewis, D., Mertens, K., & Stock, J. H. (2020). US economic activity during the early weeks of the SARS-Cov-2 outbreak. NBER w26954.

Lo Bello, S., Sanchez Puerta, M. L., & Winkler, H. (2019). From Ghana to America: The Skill Content of Jobs and Economic Development. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 8758.

McKenzie, D. J. (2004). Aggregate Shocks and Urban Labor Market Responses: Evidence from Argentina’s Financial Crisis. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 52(4), 719-758. https://doi.org/10.1086/381110

Milasi, S, González-Vázquez, I., & Fernandez-Macias, E. (2020). Telework in the EU before and after the COVID-19: where we were, where we head to. European Institute for Gender Equality. https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1950578/telework-in-the-eu-before-and-after-the-covid-19/2702347/

Mongey, S., Pilossoph, L., & Weinberg, A. (2020). Which Workers Bear the Burden of Social Distancing Policies?. University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper, 2020-51.

OIT. (2020). La COVID‑19 y el mundo del trabajo.

OIT. (2021) Observatorio de la OIT: La COVID 19 y el mundo del trabajo. Estimaciones actualizadas y análisis (7ma ed.). Ginebra.

Verick, S. (2011) The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Labour Markets in OECD Countries: Why Youth and Other Vulnerable Groups Have Been Hit Hard. In I. Islam, & S. Verick (Eds.), From the Great Recession to Labour Market Recovery. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230295186_5

WEF. (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020

Weller, J. (2020). La pandemia del COVID-19 y su efecto en las tendencias de los mercados laborales. Documentos de Proyectos, 45759.