Production evaluation of Lentinula edodes Pegler fungi in synthetic logs based on agricultural wastes
Main Article Content
Keywords
Lentinula edodes, shiitake, agroindustrial wastes, medicinal and gourmet mushrooms.
Abstract
Production of Lentinula edodes, medicinal and gourmet mushroom commonly known as shiitake, was evaluated in synthetic blocks with the aim of using agroindustrial wastes not jet studied quantitatively and environmentally problematical for many industries. Fifty five different combinations of substrates were analyzed using two agroindustrial wastes (cocoa husk and cotton waste), one wood supplement (oak), one nitrogen source (wheat bran), one pH controller (CaCO3), and one growth stimulator (CaSO4). It was found that the substrate formulation has a considerable effect upon the colonization time of the block (P < 0.05), being the oak supplement essential for the time colonization reduction. Furthermore, the cocoa husk was not a good waste for shiitake production. The treatments that gave the best conditions for shiitake culture contained 75% of oak, and 20 to 25% of wheat bran or 25% of cotton waste. Depending on the treatment evaluated, the biological efficiency achieved were between 5.3 to 21.5%, the pileo size from 4.7 to 9.3 cm for the first flush and the colonization precocity between 69 to 125 days with C/N relationship superior to 110 and with better nutritional value to those reported by other researchers.
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References
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[2] G. Leatham. Cultivation of shiitake, the Japanese forest mushroom, on logs: a potential industry for the United States. Forest Products Journal, ISSN 0015– 7473, 32, 29–35 (1982).
[3] D. Royse y J. Sánchez–Vázquez. La Influencia del Tamaño de las Partículas de Astillas de la Madera en el Rendimiento del Sustrato En Shiitake (Lentinula edodes). Bioresource Technology, ISSN 0960–8524, 76, 229–233 (2000).
[4] Paul Stamets. Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms, ISBN 1–58008–175– 4, 3 edition. Editorial Ten Speed Press,Washington, 259–275 (2000).
[5] Yih Wen Fung, Tao Weng Fung y Marcela Franco. Evaluación del Crecimiento y Producción de Lentinula edodes, Berk. Pegler (Shiitake) sobre Diferentes Sustratos a Base de Residuos Agroindustriales Colombianos. Revista de La Asociación Colombiana de Ciencias Biológicas, ISSN 0120–4173, 15(1), 53–69 (2003).
[6] Carmenza Jaramillo López y Nelson Rodríguez Valencia. Cultivo de shiitake en subproductos del cafe. Avances tecnicos Cenicafe, ISSN 0120–0178, 287, 1– 3 (2001).
[7] Rigoberto Gaitán–Hernández, Martín Esqueda, Aldo Gutierrez, Alfonso Sánchez, Miguel Beltrán–García and Gerardo Mata. Bioconversion of agrowastes by Lentinula edodes: the high potential of viticulture residues. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, ISSN 1432–0614, 71(4), 432–439 (2006).
[8] A. Philippoussis, P. Diamantopoulou and G. Zervakis. Correlation of the Properties of Several Lignocellulosic Substrates to the Crop Performance Of The Shiitake Mushroom Lentinula edodes. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, ISSN 1573–0972, 19(6), 551–557 (2003).
[9] G. Kawai, H. Koboyashi, Y. Fukumisha and K. Ohsaki. Effect of Liquid Mycelial Culture Used as Spawn on Sawdust Cultivation of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes). Mycoscience, ISSN 1618–2545, 37, 201–207 (1996).
[10] V. Villegas, A. Perez y C. Arredondo. Evaluación del Crecimiento del hongo Lentinula edodes pegler en medios de cultivo sólido para la Producción de Micelio. Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, ISSN 0123–3475, 9(2), (2007).
[11] Q. Yang and S. Jong. A Quick and Efficient Method of Making Mushroom Spawn. Mushroom Science, XII, 317–324 (1987).
[12] L. Raasca. Production of Lentinula edodes mycelia in liquid media: improvement of mycelial growth by medium modification. Mushroom Journal for the Tropics, ISSN 0259–3653, 10, 79–92 (1990).
[13] Paul Stamets and J. Chilton. The Mushroom Cultivator: A Practical Guide to Growing Mushrooms at Home, ISBN10 0961079800. Agarikon Press,Washington, 158–170 (1983).
[14] INTA Rafaela. Tabla de Composición Química de Alimentos. Mundo Lácteo– Súper Campo, Buenos Aires (1996).
[15] Fundases. Compostaje con EM, http://www.fundases.com/p/pubcompostaj 02. html, febrero 17 de 2007.
[16] John Anthony Buswell, Yijin Cai and Shu-Ting Chang. Ligninolytic enzyme production and secretion in edible mushroom fungi. Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Products, ISBN10 9622016103. Royse (Ed.), 113–122 (1996).
[17] E. E. Kaal, J. A. Field and T. W. Joyce. Increasing ligninolytic enzyme activities in several white-rot basidiomycetes by nitrogen-sufficient media. Bioresource Technology, ISSN 0960–8524, 53(2), 133–139 (1995).
[18] Teodoro Bernabe–González, Gerardo Mata, Maricela Cayetano–Catarino y Gildardo Gutierrez Reyes. Cultivo Eexperimental del Hongo Shiitake, Lentinula edodes, sobre dos Subproductos Agrícolas en Guerrero Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Micología, ISSN 0187–3180, 23, 63–68 (2006).
[19] Terashima Yoshie, Igusa Hisao and Ohga Shoji. Influence of Contamination by Penicillium brevicompactum and Trichoderma harzianum during Lentinula edodes Spawn Run on Fruiting in Sawdust–Based Substrates. Mycoscience, ISSN 1618– 2545 (print version), 43(3), 277–280 (2002).
[20] M. H. Morais, A. C. Ramos, N. Matos, E. J. Santos-Olivera. Production of Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) on Lignocellulosic Residues. Food science and technology international, ISSN 1082–0132, 6(2), 123–128 (2000).
[21] Jose Luis Córdoba Frunz. La Química y la Cocina, Editorial Fondo de Cultura Económica, ISBN 9789681666088, Mexico, 50–52 (2002).
[22] M. Demirci and G. Kimyasi. The Nutrients of Exotic Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus species) and an Estimated Approach to the Volatile Compounds. 105–131 (2006).
[23] P. Manzi, L. Gambelli, S. Marconi, V. Vivanti and L. Pizzoferrato. Nutrients in Edible Mushrooms: An Inter-Species Comparative Study. Food Chemistry, ISSN 0308–8146, 65(4), 477–482 (1999).
[24] A. G. Cuellar. Coordinador del laboratorio de análisis químico y bromatológico. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín. Comunicación personal, 2007.