Música y oralidad como formas de arqueología literaria memorias silenciadas de la esclavitud
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Este artículo se propone analizar la arqueología literaria acometida por la escritora estadounidense Gayl Jones, quien utiliza la literatura como medio de revisión histórica. En el poema narrativo Song for Anninho, Jones combina música, poesía y oralidad para reconstruir -por medio de la imaginación y de hechos históricos, y desde un punto de vista femenino que incorpora los significados modernos del blues- la memoria de resistencia del Quilombo de Palmares, un conjunto de asentamientos de esclavos fugitivos fundados en el nordeste de Brasil a comienzos del siglo XVII. Así, este poema épico es, en realidad, una canción híbrida que, cantada por una mujer, vincula a Brasil y Estados Unidos a través de la diáspora y la esclavitud.
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Referências
Abrahams, R. D. (2011). African Folktales: Traditional Stories of the Black World. New York: Pantheon.
Albertson, C. (2003). Bessie. Revised and Expanded Edition. New Haven: Yale UP.
Ankersmit, F. (2010). Truth in Literature and History. Narrative, 18(1), 29-50.
Baker Jr., H. A. (1984). Blues, Ideology and African-American Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Baraka, I. A. (2002). Blues People: Negro Music in White America (2nd ed.). New York: Perennial.
Bernd, Z. (2010). Dicionário de expressões da memória social, dos bens culturais e da Cibercultura. Recuperado de: http://edicionario.unilasalle.edu.br/?p=466
Bernd, Z. (2013). Da palavra sequestrada à formatação dos rastros: a reconstrução do universo da escravidão do ponto de vista de três escritoras das Américas. En S. Coser y E. Palmero (Eds.), Entre traços e rasuras. Intervenções na escrita das Américas. Rio de Janeiro: 7 Letras.
Carby, H. (1998). ‘It Jus Be’s Dat Way Sometime’: The Sexual Politics of Women’s Blues. En R. O’Meally (Ed.), The Jazz Cadence of American Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Claborough, C. (2007). Toward Feminine Mythopoetic Visions: The Poetry of Gayl Jones. African American Review, 41(1), 99-114.
Coser, S. (2005). Imaginando Palmares: A Obra de Gayl Jones. Revista de estudos feministas, 13(3), 629-644.
Coser, S. (2011). Dores Negras, Culturas Híbridas: Conceição Evaristo e Gayl Jones. En D. Almeida y C. Evaristo (Eds.), Literatura, história, etnicidade e educação: estudos nos contextos afro-brasileiro, africano e da diáspora africana. Frederico Westphalen: Universidade Regional Integrada.
Costa Lima, L. (2006). História, Ficção e Literatura. São Paulo: Cia das Letras.
Davis, A. (1998). Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude “Ma” Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday. New York: Pantheon.
Figueiredo, E. (2010). Representações de etnicidade: perspectivas interamericanas de literatura e cultura. Rio de Janeiro: 7 letras.
Freitas, D. (1982). Palmares: a guerra dos escravos (4ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Graal.
Freitas, D. (2004). República de Palmares: pesquisa e comentários em documentos históricos do século XVII. Alagoas: Universidade Federal de Alagoas.
Gates Jr., H. L. (1989). The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African-American Literary Criticism (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
Harper, M. (1979). Gayl Jones: An Interview. En M. Harper y R. Stepto (Eds.), Chant of Saints: A Gathering of Afro-American Literature, Art, and Scholarship. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
Harrison, D. D. (2000). Black Pearls: Queens of the 1920s. New York: Rutgers University Press.
Hutcheon, L. (1988). A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. New York: Routledge.
Johnson, G. ([1894] 2005). The Laughing Song. In Lost Sounds: Blacks and the Birth of the Recording Industry, 1891-1922 [CD]. Illinois, EE.UU: Archeophone Records.
Jones, G. (1975). Deep Song. The Iowa Review, 6(2), 11.
Jones, G. (1979). Chance. Callaloo, 5, 112.
Jones, G. (1981). Song for Anninho. Boston: Beacon.
Jones, G. (1983). The Hermit-Woman. New York: Lotus.
Jones, G. (1984). Xarque and Other Poems. New York: Lotus.
Jones, G. (1986). Corregidora (2nd ed.). Boston: Beacon.
Jones, G. (1991). Liberating Voices: Oral Tradition in African American Literature. Boston: Harvard University Press.
Kent, R. K. (1996). Palmares: An African State in Brasil. En R. Price (Ed.), Maroon Societies: Rebel Slave Communities in the Americas (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
King, L. (2004). Resistance, Reappropriation, and Reconciliation: The Blues and Flying Africans in Gayl Jones’s Song for Anninho. Callaloo, 27(3), 755-767.
Lawrence-McIntyre, C. (1987). The Double Meaning of the Spirituals. Journal of Black Studies, 17(4), 379-401.
Levine, L. (1978). Black Culture and Black Consciousness. Afro-American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lyotard, J. F. (1984). The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press.
Melo Santana, M. (2006). A proposta de cotas para negros/as na Universidade Federal de Alagoas: contemplando a raça e o gênero. En N. L. Gomes (Ed.), Tempos de lutas: as ações afirmativas no contexto brasileiro. Brasilia: Secretaria de Educação.
Morrison, T. (1987). The Site of Memory. En W. Zinsser (Ed.), Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir. Boston: Houghton Press.
Morrison, T. ([1987] 1998a). Beloved (2nd ed.). New York: Penguin.
Morrison, T. ([1977] 1998b). Song of Solomon. London: Vintage.
Murray, A. (2000). Stomping the Blues (2nd ed.). New York: Da Capo.
Nascimento, A. (1981). O Quilombismo. Sao Paulo: Vozes.
Neal, L. (1972) The Ethos of the Blues. The Black Scholar, 3, 42-48.
Oliver, P. (2009). Barrelhouse Blues: Location Recordings and the Early Traditions of the Blues. New York: Basic Civitas.
Rowell, C. (1982). An Interview with Gayl Jones. Callaloo, 16(1), 32-53.
Sellers, S. (2001). Myth and Fairy Tale in Contemporary Women’s Fiction. New York: Palgrave.
Smith, C. ([1924] 1995). Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 2 [CD]. UK: Document Records.
Snyder, T. (2010). Suicide, Slavery, and Memory in North America. The Journal of American History, 97(1), 39- 62.
Walker, A. ([1983] 2003). In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens: Womanist Prose (2nd ed.). New York: Harvest Press.
Wall, C. (1995). Women of the Harlem Renaissance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
White, H. (1973). Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth Century Europe. Baltimore: John Hopkins University.
Wilentz, G. (1989). If You Surrender to the Air: Folk Legends of Flight and Resistance in African American Literature. MELUS, 16(1), 21-32.
Williams, Sh. A. (1979). The Blues Roots of Contemporary Afro-American Poetry. En M. Harper & R. Stepto (Eds.), Chant of Saints: A Gathering of Afro-American Literature, Art, and Scholarship (pp. 123-135). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
Albertson, C. (2003). Bessie. Revised and Expanded Edition. New Haven: Yale UP.
Ankersmit, F. (2010). Truth in Literature and History. Narrative, 18(1), 29-50.
Baker Jr., H. A. (1984). Blues, Ideology and African-American Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Baraka, I. A. (2002). Blues People: Negro Music in White America (2nd ed.). New York: Perennial.
Bernd, Z. (2010). Dicionário de expressões da memória social, dos bens culturais e da Cibercultura. Recuperado de: http://edicionario.unilasalle.edu.br/?p=466
Bernd, Z. (2013). Da palavra sequestrada à formatação dos rastros: a reconstrução do universo da escravidão do ponto de vista de três escritoras das Américas. En S. Coser y E. Palmero (Eds.), Entre traços e rasuras. Intervenções na escrita das Américas. Rio de Janeiro: 7 Letras.
Carby, H. (1998). ‘It Jus Be’s Dat Way Sometime’: The Sexual Politics of Women’s Blues. En R. O’Meally (Ed.), The Jazz Cadence of American Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Claborough, C. (2007). Toward Feminine Mythopoetic Visions: The Poetry of Gayl Jones. African American Review, 41(1), 99-114.
Coser, S. (2005). Imaginando Palmares: A Obra de Gayl Jones. Revista de estudos feministas, 13(3), 629-644.
Coser, S. (2011). Dores Negras, Culturas Híbridas: Conceição Evaristo e Gayl Jones. En D. Almeida y C. Evaristo (Eds.), Literatura, história, etnicidade e educação: estudos nos contextos afro-brasileiro, africano e da diáspora africana. Frederico Westphalen: Universidade Regional Integrada.
Costa Lima, L. (2006). História, Ficção e Literatura. São Paulo: Cia das Letras.
Davis, A. (1998). Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude “Ma” Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday. New York: Pantheon.
Figueiredo, E. (2010). Representações de etnicidade: perspectivas interamericanas de literatura e cultura. Rio de Janeiro: 7 letras.
Freitas, D. (1982). Palmares: a guerra dos escravos (4ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Graal.
Freitas, D. (2004). República de Palmares: pesquisa e comentários em documentos históricos do século XVII. Alagoas: Universidade Federal de Alagoas.
Gates Jr., H. L. (1989). The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African-American Literary Criticism (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
Harper, M. (1979). Gayl Jones: An Interview. En M. Harper y R. Stepto (Eds.), Chant of Saints: A Gathering of Afro-American Literature, Art, and Scholarship. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
Harrison, D. D. (2000). Black Pearls: Queens of the 1920s. New York: Rutgers University Press.
Hutcheon, L. (1988). A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. New York: Routledge.
Johnson, G. ([1894] 2005). The Laughing Song. In Lost Sounds: Blacks and the Birth of the Recording Industry, 1891-1922 [CD]. Illinois, EE.UU: Archeophone Records.
Jones, G. (1975). Deep Song. The Iowa Review, 6(2), 11.
Jones, G. (1979). Chance. Callaloo, 5, 112.
Jones, G. (1981). Song for Anninho. Boston: Beacon.
Jones, G. (1983). The Hermit-Woman. New York: Lotus.
Jones, G. (1984). Xarque and Other Poems. New York: Lotus.
Jones, G. (1986). Corregidora (2nd ed.). Boston: Beacon.
Jones, G. (1991). Liberating Voices: Oral Tradition in African American Literature. Boston: Harvard University Press.
Kent, R. K. (1996). Palmares: An African State in Brasil. En R. Price (Ed.), Maroon Societies: Rebel Slave Communities in the Americas (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
King, L. (2004). Resistance, Reappropriation, and Reconciliation: The Blues and Flying Africans in Gayl Jones’s Song for Anninho. Callaloo, 27(3), 755-767.
Lawrence-McIntyre, C. (1987). The Double Meaning of the Spirituals. Journal of Black Studies, 17(4), 379-401.
Levine, L. (1978). Black Culture and Black Consciousness. Afro-American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lyotard, J. F. (1984). The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press.
Melo Santana, M. (2006). A proposta de cotas para negros/as na Universidade Federal de Alagoas: contemplando a raça e o gênero. En N. L. Gomes (Ed.), Tempos de lutas: as ações afirmativas no contexto brasileiro. Brasilia: Secretaria de Educação.
Morrison, T. (1987). The Site of Memory. En W. Zinsser (Ed.), Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir. Boston: Houghton Press.
Morrison, T. ([1987] 1998a). Beloved (2nd ed.). New York: Penguin.
Morrison, T. ([1977] 1998b). Song of Solomon. London: Vintage.
Murray, A. (2000). Stomping the Blues (2nd ed.). New York: Da Capo.
Nascimento, A. (1981). O Quilombismo. Sao Paulo: Vozes.
Neal, L. (1972) The Ethos of the Blues. The Black Scholar, 3, 42-48.
Oliver, P. (2009). Barrelhouse Blues: Location Recordings and the Early Traditions of the Blues. New York: Basic Civitas.
Rowell, C. (1982). An Interview with Gayl Jones. Callaloo, 16(1), 32-53.
Sellers, S. (2001). Myth and Fairy Tale in Contemporary Women’s Fiction. New York: Palgrave.
Smith, C. ([1924] 1995). Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 2 [CD]. UK: Document Records.
Snyder, T. (2010). Suicide, Slavery, and Memory in North America. The Journal of American History, 97(1), 39- 62.
Walker, A. ([1983] 2003). In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens: Womanist Prose (2nd ed.). New York: Harvest Press.
Wall, C. (1995). Women of the Harlem Renaissance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
White, H. (1973). Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth Century Europe. Baltimore: John Hopkins University.
Wilentz, G. (1989). If You Surrender to the Air: Folk Legends of Flight and Resistance in African American Literature. MELUS, 16(1), 21-32.
Williams, Sh. A. (1979). The Blues Roots of Contemporary Afro-American Poetry. En M. Harper & R. Stepto (Eds.), Chant of Saints: A Gathering of Afro-American Literature, Art, and Scholarship (pp. 123-135). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
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Publicado
Out 31, 2017
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Como Citar
Cobo Piñero, M. R. (2017). Música y oralidad como formas de arqueología literaria: memorias silenciadas de la esclavitud. Co-Herencia, 14(27), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.17230/co-herencia.14.27.4
Edição
Secção
Arte y Filosofía del arte
Agências Suporte
Universidad de Cádiz
Biografia Autor
M Rocío Cobo Piñero, Universidad de Sevilla
Doctora en Filología por la Universidad de Sevilla (España, 2014), en cotutela internacional con la Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Brasil). Anteriormente, cursó un "Máster en enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera" (2010), por la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla (España), y "Master of Arts" (2001), por la University of Pennsylvania (Estados Unidos). Es investigadora independiente en la Universidad de Sevilla (Grupo de Estudios Norteamericanos) y en el Centro de Estudios de las Migraciones (CIM, Universidad de Huelva). Desarrolla investigaciones en torno a escritoras de la diáspora africana, movimientos migratorios y sus representaciones culturales.
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