Métodos numéricos acoplados con la extrapolación de Richardson para el cálculo de sistemas de potencia transitorios

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Whady Felipe Florez http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3977-0371
Jorge W Gonzalez
Alan F Hill
Gabriel J Lopez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9453-4278
Juan D Lopez http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-6825

Keywords

Estabilidad transitoria de sistemas de potencia, extrapolación de Richardson, ecuaciones dinámicas

Resumen

La solución numérica de problemas de estabilidad transitoria es un elemento clave para la operacion de sistemas eléctricos. El modelo clásico para sistemas multi-máquina se define como un conjunto de ecuaciones diferenciales no lineales para la velocidad del rotor y el ángulo del generador para
cada máquina eléctrica, este modelo matemático se conoce generalmente como las ecuaciones de oscilación. Este artículo presenta la forma de utilizar la extrapolación directa de Richardson de varios órdenes para la
solución numérica de las ecuaciones de oscilación y la compara con otros métodos implícitos y explícitos de uso común como los métodos Runge-Kutta, Trapezoidal, Shampine y Radau. Se presenta un estudio numérico sobre un sistema simple de tres máquinas para ilustrar el desempeño y la implementación algebráica de la extrapolación de Richardson. El orden de exactitud de cualquier solución numérica puede aumentarse cuando se utiliza la extrapolación de Richardson. Se proporciona un ejemplo numérico para una red eléctrica que consta de tres máquinas y nueve buses que sufren una perturbación. Se demuestra que en este caso la extrapolación de Richardson aumenta efectivamente el orden de exactitud de los métodos explícitos haciéndolos competitivos con los métodos implícitos. 

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