Internacionalización y desempeño de las empresas en Chindia: un análisis meta-analítico
Main Article Content
Keywords
Internacionalización, desempeño de empresas, Chindia, BRICS, China, India, Estados Unidos
Resumen
Durante más de cuatro décadas, los investigadores han examinado teórica y empíricamente la relación entre la internacionalización y el desempeño de las empresas. Si bien los estudios anteriores han aportado contribuciones importantes, las investigaciones actuales tienden a carecer coherencia debido a conclusiones ambiguas sobre la relación entre la internacionalización y el desempeño de las empresas. Además, en muchos casos, los estudios anteriores se han limitado a los países desarrollados. El presente estudio se enfoca en los países emergentes de Chindia y determina la dirección y la fuerza de la relación internacionalización-desempeño de empresas. Además, se identifican moderadores de esta relación. Basándose en 21 estudios y 9026 empresas, utilizamos un análisis meta-analítico para evaluar nuestras hipótesis. Nuestros resultados demuestran que existe una relación significativa y positiva entre la internacionalización y el desempeño de las empresas en Chindia. El efecto de la internacionalización en India y en China no presenta diferencias significativas. Por otra parte, definimos que el efecto de la internacionalización es considerablemente más fuerte en Estados Unidos en comparación con los países Chindia. El periodo de recolección de datos no tuvo un papel importante como moderador. El presente estudio constituye una contribución a la literatura sobre negocios internacionales examinando cómo y en qué medida la internacionalización tiene una influencia sobre el desempeño de las empresas y sugiere implicaciones para la teoría y la práctica así como recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
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Referencias
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Contractor, F. J., Kumar, V., & Kundu, S. K. (2007). Nature of the relationship between international expansion and performance: The case of emerging market firms. Journal of World Business, 42(4), 401-417.
Cuervo-Cazurra, A. (2012). How the analysis of developing country multinational companies helps advance theory: Solving the Goldilocks debate. Global Strategy Journal, 2(3), 153-167.
Deng, P. (2007). Investing for strategic resources and its rationale: The case of outward FDI from Chinese companies. Business Horizons, 50(1), 71-81.
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Elango, B., & Pattnaik, C. (2007). Building capabilities for international operations through networks: a study of Indian firms. Journal of international business studies, 38(4), 541-555.
Ellis, P. (2010). The Essential Guide to Effect Sizes: Statistical Power, Meta-Analysis, and the Interpretation of Research Results. Cambridge University Press.
Fernhaber, S., & McDougall-Covin, P. (2014). Is more always better? Risk trade-offs among internationalizing new ventures. European Business Review, 26(5), 406-420.
Ficici, A., Wang, L., Aybar, B., & Fan, B. (2014). The Correlation between the Internationalization Processes and Performance of Firms: The Case of Emerging Market Firms of the BRIC Countries. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 1(1), 4-25.
Field, A. P. (2001). Meta-analysis of correlation coefficients: A Monte Carlo comparison of fixed- and randomeffects methods. Psychological Methods, 6(2), 161-180.
Gaur, A. & Kumar, V. (2009). International Diversification, Business Group Affiliation and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from India. British Journal of Management, 20, 172–186.
Gaur, A., & Kumar, V. (2010). Internationalization of emerging market firms: a case for theoretical extension. Advances in international management: The past, present and future of international business and management, 23.
Geringer, J. M., Beamish, P. W., & Costa, R. C. (1989). Diversification strategy and internationalization: Implications for MNE performance. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 109-119.
Gill, A., & Singh, L. (2012). Internationalization of firms from China and India: theory, evidence and policy. Millennial Asia, 3(1), 23-44.
Glaum, M., & Oesterle, M. J. (2007). 40 years of research on internationalization and firm performance: more questions than answers?. Management International Review, 47(3), 307-317.
Hajela, A., & Akbar, M. (2007). Impact of internationalization on SME Performance: A study of Indian software firms. Unpublished working paper, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India. Retrieved from http://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1504/IJTLID.2013.051699.
Hsu, C. & Boggs, D. (2003). Internationalization and Performance: Traditional Measures and Their Decomposition. Multinational Business Review, 11(3), 23-50.
Hsu, C. C., & Pereira, A. (2008). Internationalization and performance: The moderating effects of organizational learning. Omega, 36(2), 188-205.
Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1990). Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Huo, D., & Hung, K. (2015). Internationalization Strategy and Firm Performance: Estimation of Corporate Strategy Effect Based on Big Data of Chinese IT Companies in a Complex Network. Journal for Economic Forecasting, 2, 148-163.
Hymer, S. H. (1976). The international operations of national firms: A study of direct foreign investment. Cambridge, MA: MIT press. Vol. 14. (pp. 139-155).
Karthik, D., George, R., & Singla, C. (2015). International Diversification and Firm Performance: The contingent influence of Product Diversification. Unpublished Working Paper, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department. Retrieved from http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/assets/snippets/workingpaperpdf/13042529052015-03-32.pdf.
Kim, W. C., Hwang, P., & Burgers, W. P. (1993). Multinationals' diversification and the risk‐return trade‐off. Strategic Management Journal, 14(4), 275-286.
Kindleberger, C. P. (1969). American business abroad. The International Executive, 11(2), 11-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.5060110207
Kirca, A. H., Hult, G. T. M., Roth, K., Cavusgil, S. T., Perryy, M. Z., Akdeniz, M. B., & White, R. C. (2011). Firm-specific assets, multinationality, and financial performance: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration. Academy of management journal, 54(1), 47-72.
Kogut, B. (1985). Designing global strategies: Comparative and competitive value added chains. Sloan management review, 26(4).
Kumar, V., & Singh, N. (2008). Internationalization and performance of Indian pharmaceutical firms. Thunderbird International Business Review, 50(5), 321-330.
Lee, S., Upneja, A., Özdemir, Ö., & Sun, K. A. (2014). A synergy effect of internationalization and firm size on performance: US hotel industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(1), 35-49.
Li, L., Qian, G., & Qian, Z. (2012). Early internationalization and performance of small high-tech "born-globals". International Marketing Review, 29(5), 536-561.
Mathews, J. A. (2002). Competitive advantages of the latecomer firm: A resource-based account of industrial catch-up strategies. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19, 467–488.
Matthews, John A. (2006) Dragon multinationals : New players in the 21st century. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 23, 5-27.
Oswal, P. (2010). The Internationalization of Indian Firms: Strategic Issues, Organizational Transformation, and Performance. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of St. Gallen, Switzerland
Park, S. H., & Luo, Y. (2001). Guanxi and organizational dynamics: Organizational networking in Chinese firms. Strategic management journal, 22(5), 455-477.
Pattnaik, C., & Elango, B. (2009). The impact of firm resources on the internationalization and performance relationship: A study of Indian manufacturing firms. Multinational Business Review, 17(2), 69-88.
Rajshekhar, G. & Javalgi, P. & Granot, T. (2011). The internationalization of Indian SMEs in B-to-B markets. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(7), 542-548.
Ren, S., Tsai, H. T., & Eisingerich, A. B. (2015). Case-based asymmetric modeling of firms with high versus low outcomes in implementing changes in direction. Journal of Business Research. In Press.
Rubera, G., & Kirca, A. H. (2012). Firm innovativeness and its performance outcomes: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration. Journal of Marketing, 76(3), 130-147.
Rugman, A. M. (1979). International diversification and the multinational enterprise. Lexington, MA: Heath.
Ruigrok, W., & Wagner, H. (2004). Internationalization and firm performance: Meta-analytic review and future research directions. Conference Paper, Annual meeting of the Academy of International Business, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ruigrok, W., & Wagner, H. (2004). Internationalization and firm performance: Meta-analytic review and future research directions. In annual meeting of the Academy of International Business, Stockholm, Sweden.
Söderman, S., Jakobsson, A., & Soler, L. (2008). A quest for repositioning: The emerging internationalization of Chinese companies. Asian Business & Management, 7(1), 115-142.
UNIDO (2008). Patterns of internationalization for developing country enterprises: alliances and joint ventures. Retrieved from https://www.unido.org/fileadmin/user_media/Publications/documents/Patterns_of_internationalization_for_developing_country_enterprises_contents.pdf.
Vernon, R. (1966). International investment and international trade in the product cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80, 190-207.
Wiersema, M. F., & Bowen, H. P. (2011). The relationship between international diversification and firm performance: why it remains a puzzle. Global Strategy Journal, 1(1-2), 152-170.
Xiao, S. S., Jeong, I., Moon, J. J., Chung, C. C., & Chung, J. (2013). Internationalization and performance of firms in China: Moderating effects of governance structure and the degree of centralized control. Journal of International Management, 19(2), 118-137.
Yuan, L., & Pangarkar, N. (2015). Performance implications of internationalization strategies for Chinese MNCs. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 10(2), 272-292.
Zaheer, S. (1995). Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 341-363.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256683
Zhou, L., & Wu, A. (2014). Earliness of internationalization and performance outcomes: Exploring the moderating effects of venture age and international commitment. Journal of World Business, 49(1), 132-142.
Asakawa, K., & Som, A. (2008). Internationalization of R&D in China and India: Conventional wisdom versus reality. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25(3), 375-394.
Athreye, S., & Kapur, S. (2009). The internationalization of Chinese and Indian firms: trends, motivations and policy implications. Industrial and Corporate Change, 18(2), 209-221.
Chen, S., & Tan, H. (2012). Region effects in the internationalization–performance relationship in Chinese firms. Journal of world business, 47(1), 73-80.
Contractor, F. J. (2007). Is international business good for companies? The evolutionary or multi-stage theory of internationalization vs. the transaction cost perspective. Management International Review, 47(3), 453-475.
Contractor, F. J., Kumar, V., & Kundu, S. K. (2007). Nature of the relationship between international expansion and performance: The case of emerging market firms. Journal of World Business, 42(4), 401-417.
Cuervo-Cazurra, A. (2012). How the analysis of developing country multinational companies helps advance theory: Solving the Goldilocks debate. Global Strategy Journal, 2(3), 153-167.
Deng, P. (2007). Investing for strategic resources and its rationale: The case of outward FDI from Chinese companies. Business Horizons, 50(1), 71-81.
Dickersin, K. (1990). The existence of publication bias and risk factors for its occurrence. Jama, 263(10), 1385- 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03440100097014
Dunning, J. H. (1988). The eclectic paradigm of international production: a restatement and some possible extensions. Journal of international business studies, 2, 1-31.
Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000). Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot–based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56(2), 455-463.
Eden, D. (2002). From the Editors. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5), 841-846. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2002.7718946
Eisend, M. (2004). Metaanalyse: Einführung und kritische Diskussion. Unpublished working paper, School of Business & Economics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin. Retrieved from http://www.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/files/K6UAD7B/Metaanalyse_DP.pdf.
Elango, B., & Pattnaik, C. (2007). Building capabilities for international operations through networks: a study of Indian firms. Journal of international business studies, 38(4), 541-555.
Ellis, P. (2010). The Essential Guide to Effect Sizes: Statistical Power, Meta-Analysis, and the Interpretation of Research Results. Cambridge University Press.
Fernhaber, S., & McDougall-Covin, P. (2014). Is more always better? Risk trade-offs among internationalizing new ventures. European Business Review, 26(5), 406-420.
Ficici, A., Wang, L., Aybar, B., & Fan, B. (2014). The Correlation between the Internationalization Processes and Performance of Firms: The Case of Emerging Market Firms of the BRIC Countries. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 1(1), 4-25.
Field, A. P. (2001). Meta-analysis of correlation coefficients: A Monte Carlo comparison of fixed- and randomeffects methods. Psychological Methods, 6(2), 161-180.
Gaur, A. & Kumar, V. (2009). International Diversification, Business Group Affiliation and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from India. British Journal of Management, 20, 172–186.
Gaur, A., & Kumar, V. (2010). Internationalization of emerging market firms: a case for theoretical extension. Advances in international management: The past, present and future of international business and management, 23.
Geringer, J. M., Beamish, P. W., & Costa, R. C. (1989). Diversification strategy and internationalization: Implications for MNE performance. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 109-119.
Gill, A., & Singh, L. (2012). Internationalization of firms from China and India: theory, evidence and policy. Millennial Asia, 3(1), 23-44.
Glaum, M., & Oesterle, M. J. (2007). 40 years of research on internationalization and firm performance: more questions than answers?. Management International Review, 47(3), 307-317.
Hajela, A., & Akbar, M. (2007). Impact of internationalization on SME Performance: A study of Indian software firms. Unpublished working paper, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India. Retrieved from http://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1504/IJTLID.2013.051699.
Hsu, C. & Boggs, D. (2003). Internationalization and Performance: Traditional Measures and Their Decomposition. Multinational Business Review, 11(3), 23-50.
Hsu, C. C., & Pereira, A. (2008). Internationalization and performance: The moderating effects of organizational learning. Omega, 36(2), 188-205.
Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1990). Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Huo, D., & Hung, K. (2015). Internationalization Strategy and Firm Performance: Estimation of Corporate Strategy Effect Based on Big Data of Chinese IT Companies in a Complex Network. Journal for Economic Forecasting, 2, 148-163.
Hymer, S. H. (1976). The international operations of national firms: A study of direct foreign investment. Cambridge, MA: MIT press. Vol. 14. (pp. 139-155).
Karthik, D., George, R., & Singla, C. (2015). International Diversification and Firm Performance: The contingent influence of Product Diversification. Unpublished Working Paper, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department. Retrieved from http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/assets/snippets/workingpaperpdf/13042529052015-03-32.pdf.
Kim, W. C., Hwang, P., & Burgers, W. P. (1993). Multinationals' diversification and the risk‐return trade‐off. Strategic Management Journal, 14(4), 275-286.
Kindleberger, C. P. (1969). American business abroad. The International Executive, 11(2), 11-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tie.5060110207
Kirca, A. H., Hult, G. T. M., Roth, K., Cavusgil, S. T., Perryy, M. Z., Akdeniz, M. B., & White, R. C. (2011). Firm-specific assets, multinationality, and financial performance: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration. Academy of management journal, 54(1), 47-72.
Kogut, B. (1985). Designing global strategies: Comparative and competitive value added chains. Sloan management review, 26(4).
Kumar, V., & Singh, N. (2008). Internationalization and performance of Indian pharmaceutical firms. Thunderbird International Business Review, 50(5), 321-330.
Lee, S., Upneja, A., Özdemir, Ö., & Sun, K. A. (2014). A synergy effect of internationalization and firm size on performance: US hotel industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(1), 35-49.
Li, L., Qian, G., & Qian, Z. (2012). Early internationalization and performance of small high-tech "born-globals". International Marketing Review, 29(5), 536-561.
Mathews, J. A. (2002). Competitive advantages of the latecomer firm: A resource-based account of industrial catch-up strategies. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19, 467–488.
Matthews, John A. (2006) Dragon multinationals : New players in the 21st century. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 23, 5-27.
Oswal, P. (2010). The Internationalization of Indian Firms: Strategic Issues, Organizational Transformation, and Performance. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of St. Gallen, Switzerland
Park, S. H., & Luo, Y. (2001). Guanxi and organizational dynamics: Organizational networking in Chinese firms. Strategic management journal, 22(5), 455-477.
Pattnaik, C., & Elango, B. (2009). The impact of firm resources on the internationalization and performance relationship: A study of Indian manufacturing firms. Multinational Business Review, 17(2), 69-88.
Rajshekhar, G. & Javalgi, P. & Granot, T. (2011). The internationalization of Indian SMEs in B-to-B markets. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(7), 542-548.
Ren, S., Tsai, H. T., & Eisingerich, A. B. (2015). Case-based asymmetric modeling of firms with high versus low outcomes in implementing changes in direction. Journal of Business Research. In Press.
Rubera, G., & Kirca, A. H. (2012). Firm innovativeness and its performance outcomes: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration. Journal of Marketing, 76(3), 130-147.
Rugman, A. M. (1979). International diversification and the multinational enterprise. Lexington, MA: Heath.
Ruigrok, W., & Wagner, H. (2004). Internationalization and firm performance: Meta-analytic review and future research directions. Conference Paper, Annual meeting of the Academy of International Business, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ruigrok, W., & Wagner, H. (2004). Internationalization and firm performance: Meta-analytic review and future research directions. In annual meeting of the Academy of International Business, Stockholm, Sweden.
Söderman, S., Jakobsson, A., & Soler, L. (2008). A quest for repositioning: The emerging internationalization of Chinese companies. Asian Business & Management, 7(1), 115-142.
UNIDO (2008). Patterns of internationalization for developing country enterprises: alliances and joint ventures. Retrieved from https://www.unido.org/fileadmin/user_media/Publications/documents/Patterns_of_internationalization_for_developing_country_enterprises_contents.pdf.
Vernon, R. (1966). International investment and international trade in the product cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80, 190-207.
Wiersema, M. F., & Bowen, H. P. (2011). The relationship between international diversification and firm performance: why it remains a puzzle. Global Strategy Journal, 1(1-2), 152-170.
Xiao, S. S., Jeong, I., Moon, J. J., Chung, C. C., & Chung, J. (2013). Internationalization and performance of firms in China: Moderating effects of governance structure and the degree of centralized control. Journal of International Management, 19(2), 118-137.
Yuan, L., & Pangarkar, N. (2015). Performance implications of internationalization strategies for Chinese MNCs. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 10(2), 272-292.
Zaheer, S. (1995). Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 341-363.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256683
Zhou, L., & Wu, A. (2014). Earliness of internationalization and performance outcomes: Exploring the moderating effects of venture age and international commitment. Journal of World Business, 49(1), 132-142.
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sep 8, 2016
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Schulze, L., Douesnel, A., & Grégoire, O. (2016). Internacionalización y desempeño de las empresas en Chindia: un análisis meta-analítico. AD-Minister, (29), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.29.1
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