Entrenando a la próxima generación de gerentes del riesgo de desastres a través de la investigación y enseñanza en sostenibilidad
Main Article Content
Keywords
educación de negocios, gestión del riesgo de desastres, sistema financiero sostenible, coproducción de conocimiento
Resumen
La gestión del riesgo de desastres es una parte integral de la sostenibilidad, y los currículos que se enfocan en la sostenibilidad pueden ser ampliados para incluir la gestión del riesgo de desastres. El David O’Brien Centre for Sustainable Enterprise de Concordia University investiga y enseña la gestión del riesgo de desastres a través de la participación en proyectos colaborativos de la red Future Earth de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) para el desarrollo de una Red de “Conocimiento para la Acción” para un Sistema Económico Financiero y Sostenible (SFES-KAN). SFES-KAN busca alinear el sistema financiero actual con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU por medio de la identificación de vacíos en la investigación y la facilitación de una investigación interdisciplinaria entre los académicos, profesionales y legisladores con el fin de llenar dichos vacíos. Nuestra investigación acerca de estos temas de gestión del riesgo e inversiones sostenibles, al igual que para el proyecto SFES-KAN, se ha convertido en investigación sobre gestión del riesgo de desastres y ha conducido al desarrollo curricular de estos temas. El objetivo de este artículo es el de brindar a otras instituciones ejemplos e información estratégica acerca de cómo traducir la investigación de sostenibilidad, interdisciplinaria y orientada a las soluciones, a investigación y currículos sobre gestión del riesgo de desastres.
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Referencias
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Botzen, W., & van den Bergh, J. (2008). Insurance against climate change and flooding in the Netherlands: Present, future, and comparison with other countries. Risk Analysis, 28(2), 413-426. DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01035.x
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Lajili, K., & Zéghal, D. (2005). A content analysis of risk management disclosures in Canadian annual reports. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 22(2), 125-142. DOI: 10.1111/j.1936-4490.2005.tb00714.x
Liedtke, P. M., Schanz, K. U., & Stahel, W. R. (2014). Climate change as a major risk management challenge: How to engage the global insurance industry. The Geneva Reports, 2(1), 153-188.
Liu, Y., & Lin, Z. (2014). Understanding the external pressure and behavior of commercial banks' environmental risk management: An empirical study undertaken in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Ambio, 43(3), 395-405. DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0414-6
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Pittel, K., & Rübbelke, D. (2013). International climate finance and its influence on fairness and policy. The World Economy, 36(4), 419-436. DOI: 10.1111/twec.12029
Risky Business. (2014). A Climate Risk Assessment for the United States. Retrieved from http://riskybusiness.org/site/assets/uploads/2015/09/RiskyBusiness_Report_WEB_09_08_14.pdf
Robins, N. (2014). Integrating Environmental Risks into Asset Valuations: The potential for stranded assets and the implications for long-term investors. International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from: http:// www.iisd.org/publications/integrating-environmental-risks-assetvaluations-potential-stranded-assets.
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Schoenmaker, D., Van Tilburg, R., & Wijffels, H. (2015). What role for financial supervisors in addressing systemic environmental risks? Duisenberg School of Finance Policy Paper, (50).
Schroeder, M. (2013). Environmental insurance: A risk management tool for real estate. Environmental Claims Journal, 25(2), 99-110. DOI :10.1080/10406026.2013.781471
Sharfman, M., & Fernando, C. (2008). Environmental risk management and the cost of capital. Strategic Management Journal, 29(6), 569-592.
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Stadelmann, M., Michaelowa, A., & Roberts, J. T. (2013). Difficulties in accounting for private finance in international climate policy. Climate Policy, 13(6), 718-737. DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2013.791146
Thompson, P., & Cowton, C. (2004). Bringing the environment into bank lending: Implications for environmental reporting. The British Accounting Review, 36(2), 197-218. DOI: 10.1016/j.bar.2003.11.005
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Weber, O. (2012). Environmental credit risk management in banks and financial service institutions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 21(4), 248-263. DOI: 10.1002/bse.737
Weber, O., Fenchel, M., & Scholz, R. W. (2008). Empirical analysis of the integration of environmental risks into the credit risk management process of European banks. Business Strategy and the Environment, 17(3), 149-159. DOI: 10.1002/bse.507
Weber, O., Hoque, A., & Ayub Islam, M. (2015). Incorporating environmental criteria into credit risk management in Bangladeshi banks. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 5(1-2), 1-15. DOI:10.1080/20430795.2015.1008736
Weber, O., Scholz, R., & Michalik, G. (2010). Incorporating sustainability criteria into credit risk management. Business Strategy and the Environment, 19(1), 39-50. DOI: 10.1002/bse.636
World Economic Forum. (2011). Accelerating the Transition towards Sustainable Investing Strategic Options for Investors, Corporations, and Other Key Stakeholders. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1891834
Bank of England (2015, September 29). Breaking the tragedy of the horizon climate change and financial stability speech by Mark Carney. Retrieved from http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Pages/speeches/2015/844.aspx
Barrett, S. (2013). Local level climate justice? Adaptation finance and vulnerability reduction. Global Environmental Change, 23(6), 1819-1829. DOI: doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.015
Basah, M., & Yusuf, M. (2013). Natural environmental risk management: Credit evaluation perspective of the Malaysian banking industry. In: Proceeding of the International Conference on Social Science Research, ICSSR, 4-5 June (pp. 1248-1258). Penang, Malaysia.
Bauer, R., & Hann, D. (2010). Corporate environmental management and credit risk. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1660470
Bookstaber, R., Cetina, J., Feldberg, G., Flood, M., & Glasserman, P. (2013). Stress Tests to Promote Financial Stability: Assessing Progress and Looking to the Future. Office of Financial Research Working Paper, 10.
Borio, C., Drehmann, M., & Tsatsaronis, K. (2014). Stress-testing macro stress testing: does it live up to expectations? Journal of Financial Stability, 12(c), 3-15.
Botzen, W., & van den Bergh, J. (2008). Insurance against climate change and flooding in the Netherlands: Present, future, and comparison with other countries. Risk Analysis, 28(2), 413-426. DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01035.x
Botzen, W., & van den Bergh, J. (2009). Bounded rationality, climate risks, and insurance: Is there a market for natural disasters? Land Economics, 85(2), 265-278.
Buchner, B., Falconer, A., Hervé-Mignucci, M., Trabacchi, C., & Brinkman, M. (2011). The landscape of climate finance. Climate Policy Initiative: Venice, 27.
Campbell, D., & Slack, R. (2011). Environmental disclosure and environmental risk: Skeptical attitudes of UK sellside bank analysts. The British Accounting Review, 43(1), 54-64. DOI:10.1016/j.bar.2010.11.002
Ciplet, D., Fields, S., Madden, K., Khan, M., & Roberts, J. T. (2012). The eight unmet promises of fast-start climate finance. IIED Briefing. November. Retrieved from http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/17141IIED.pdf.
Clapp, C., Ellis, J., Benn, J., & Corfee-Morlot, J. (2012). Tracking Climate Finance. What and How? OECD Paper No. 2012(1). Paris: OECD.
Clarkson, P., Fang, X., Li, Y., & Richardson, G. (2013). The relevance of environmental disclosures: Are such disclosures incrementally informative? Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 32(5), 410-431. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2013.06.008
Climate Policy Initiative (2014). The Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2014. Venice: Climate Policy Initiative.
Doumpos, M., Zopounidis, C., & Fragiadakis, P. (2015). Assessing the financial performance of European banks under stress testing scenarios: a multicriteria approach. Operational Research, 1-13. DOI: 10.1007 s12351-015-0192-y
Falconer, A., & Stadelmann, M. (2014). What is Climate Finance? Definitions to improve tracking and scale up climate finance. San Francisco: Climate Policy Initiative.
Flannery, M., Hirtle, B., & Kovner, A. (2015). Evaluating the Information in the Federal Reserve Stress Tests (No. 744).
Goldman Sachs (2009). Change is coming: A framework for climate change – a defining issue of the 21st century. Retrieved from http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/archive/crossing-the-rubicon-immersive/change-is-coming-a-framework-for-climate-change.pdf
Gollier, C. (2005). Some aspects of the economics of catastrophe risk insurance. CESifo Working Paper Series No. 1409. Munich, Germany: Center for Economic Studies Ifo Institute. Retrieved from: http://ssrn.com/abstract=668384.
Hill Clarvis, M., Halle, M., Mulder, I., & Yarime, M. (2014). Towards a new framework to account for environmental risk in sovereign credit risk analysis. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 4(2), 147-160. DOI:10.1080/20430795.2013.837810
Hu, M., & Li, W. (2015). A comparative study on environment credit risk management of commercial banks in the Asia-Pacific region. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(3), 159-174. DOI: 10.1002/bse.1810
IMF. (2008). World Economic Outlook: Housing and the Business Cycle, Chapter 4: Climate Change and the Global Economy. International Monetary Fund (IMF), April 2008.
Katzman, M. (1988). Pollution liability insurance and catastrophic environmental risk. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 55(1), 75-100. DOI: 10.2307/253282
KPMG International (2012). Expect the Unexpected: Building business value in a changing world. Retrieved from http://www.kpmg.com/dutchcaribbean/en/Documents/FINAL_WebAccessible.pdf.
Lajili, K., & Zéghal, D. (2005). A content analysis of risk management disclosures in Canadian annual reports. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 22(2), 125-142. DOI: 10.1111/j.1936-4490.2005.tb00714.x
Liedtke, P. M., Schanz, K. U., & Stahel, W. R. (2014). Climate change as a major risk management challenge: How to engage the global insurance industry. The Geneva Reports, 2(1), 153-188.
Liu, Y., & Lin, Z. (2014). Understanding the external pressure and behavior of commercial banks' environmental risk management: An empirical study undertaken in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Ambio, 43(3), 395-405. DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0414-6
Lloyds of London (2014). Catastrophe modelling and climate change. Lloyds of London Report 2014. Retrieved from https://www.lloyds.com/~/media/lloyds/reports/emerging%20risk%20reports/cc%20and%20modelling%20template%20v6.pdf
Mercer (2011). Climate Change Scenarios – Implications for Strategic Asset Allocation. Retrieved from http:// www.mercer.com/content/dam/mercer/attachments/global/investments/responsible-investment/Climate-change-scenarios-Implications-for-strategic-asset-allocation.pdf
Mol, A. P., He, G., & Zhang, L. (2011). Information disclosure in environmental risk management: Developments in China. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 40(3), 163-192.
Ong, L. L., & Pazarbasioglu, C. (2014). Credibility and crisis stress testing. International Journal of Financial Studies, 2(1), 15-81.
Oliver Wyman. (n.d.). Emerging Risks. Retrieved from http://www.oliverwyman.com/what-we-do/risk-management/emerging-risks.html
Pickering, J., Wood, P. J., & Jotzo, F. (2015). Sharing the Global Climate Finance Effort Fairly with Limited Coordination. Global Environmental Politics, 15(4), 39-62. DOI: :10.1162/GLEP_a_00325
Pittel, K., & Rübbelke, D. (2013). International climate finance and its influence on fairness and policy. The World Economy, 36(4), 419-436. DOI: 10.1111/twec.12029
Risky Business. (2014). A Climate Risk Assessment for the United States. Retrieved from http://riskybusiness.org/site/assets/uploads/2015/09/RiskyBusiness_Report_WEB_09_08_14.pdf
Robins, N. (2014). Integrating Environmental Risks into Asset Valuations: The potential for stranded assets and the implications for long-term investors. International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from: http:// www.iisd.org/publications/integrating-environmental-risks-assetvaluations-potential-stranded-assets.
S&P (2014). Climate Change Is a Global Mega-trend for Sovereign Risk. Standard & Poor's, Ratings Direct, May 15, 2014. Retrieved from http://maalot.co.il/publications/GMR20140518110900.pdf
Schoenmaker, D., Van Tilburg, R., & Wijffels, H. (2015). What role for financial supervisors in addressing systemic environmental risks? Duisenberg School of Finance Policy Paper, (50).
Schroeder, M. (2013). Environmental insurance: A risk management tool for real estate. Environmental Claims Journal, 25(2), 99-110. DOI :10.1080/10406026.2013.781471
Sharfman, M., & Fernando, C. (2008). Environmental risk management and the cost of capital. Strategic Management Journal, 29(6), 569-592.
Spencer, T., Zou, S., Ribera, T., Colombier, M. (2015). Mapping issues and options on climate finance in 2015, Working Papers N°08/15. Paris: IDDRI.
Stadelmann, M., Michaelowa, A., & Roberts, J. T. (2013). Difficulties in accounting for private finance in international climate policy. Climate Policy, 13(6), 718-737. DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2013.791146
Thompson, P., & Cowton, C. (2004). Bringing the environment into bank lending: Implications for environmental reporting. The British Accounting Review, 36(2), 197-218. DOI: 10.1016/j.bar.2003.11.005
Tol, R. (1998). Climate change and insurance: A critical appraisal. Energy Policy, 26(3), 257-262. DOI: 10.1016/ S0301-4215(97)00143-2
UNEP Inquiry (2015). Design of a Sustainable Financial System: The Financial System We Need: Aligning the Financial System with Sustainable Development. Retrieved December 1, 2015 from http://apps.unep.org/publications/index.php?option=com_pub&task=download&file=011830_en
U.S. Bancorp (2013). Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review 2014 Summary Instructions and Guidance. Retrieved from http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/press/bcreg/bcreg20131101a2.pdf
Weber, O. (2012). Environmental credit risk management in banks and financial service institutions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 21(4), 248-263. DOI: 10.1002/bse.737
Weber, O., Fenchel, M., & Scholz, R. W. (2008). Empirical analysis of the integration of environmental risks into the credit risk management process of European banks. Business Strategy and the Environment, 17(3), 149-159. DOI: 10.1002/bse.507
Weber, O., Hoque, A., & Ayub Islam, M. (2015). Incorporating environmental criteria into credit risk management in Bangladeshi banks. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 5(1-2), 1-15. DOI:10.1080/20430795.2015.1008736
Weber, O., Scholz, R., & Michalik, G. (2010). Incorporating sustainability criteria into credit risk management. Business Strategy and the Environment, 19(1), 39-50. DOI: 10.1002/bse.636
World Economic Forum. (2011). Accelerating the Transition towards Sustainable Investing Strategic Options for Investors, Corporations, and Other Key Stakeholders. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1891834
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jul 19, 2016
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Addas, A., Kibsey, S. D., Ng, G., & Walker, T. (2016). Entrenando a la próxima generación de gerentes del riesgo de desastres a través de la investigación y enseñanza en sostenibilidad. AD-Minister, (28), 157–176. https://doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.28.8
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Biografía del autor/a
Amr Addas, Concordia University
Lecturer at the Finance Department and the Goodman Institute of Investment Management at John Molson School of Business, Concordia University. He is also the principal at Addas Financial Consulting, offering financial consulting services and newsletters to financial advisors and portfolio managers. Amr is also a Research Associate with the David O’Brien Centre for Sustainable Enterprise(DOCSE) and a member of the Core Faculty for the Sustainable Investment Professional Certificate (SIPC) program. He obtained his MBA from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1995 and his B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from the American University in Cairo in 1991. Amr is an active member of the CFA Institute.Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
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