Simulación de propiedades mecánicas demulticapas de Zr/ZrN y TiN/ZrNempleando el método de elementos finitos
Main Article Content
Keywords
Zr/ZrN, TiN/ZrN, ANSYS, propiedades mecánicas, elementos finitos
Resumen
En este trabajo se presenta el estudio de propiedades mecánicas de multicapas de Zr/ZrN y TiN/ZrN variando el número de bicapas en 1, 2, 5 y 10, es decir, períodos de 2, 1, 0,4 y 0,2 μm, con espesor constante de 2 μm en una relación de 1:1 y 1:3. Para esta simulación se empleó el software ANSYS, el cual se basa en el método de elementos finitos. Se obtuvieron curvas de Esfuerzo– Deformación, dureza y módulo de Young en función del número de bicapas. De acuerdo al análisis realizado, las bicapas de TiN/ZrN con relación 1:3 presentan mayor dureza (31±1 GPa) en relación a los demás sistemas y un módulo de Young de aproximadamente 460 GPa. Los resultados de las simulaciones de las propiedades mecánicas de materiales basados en Ti y Zr, empleando métodos como el de elementos finitos, son prometedores en el campo de los nuevos materiales para predecir su desempeño en aplicaciones tecnológicas e industriales como recubrimientos duros sobre diferentes herramientas y piezas de maquinaria y así disminuir costos de producción. Además, las simulaciones presentadas en este trabajo pueden extenderse a sistemas compuestos de otros materiales de gran utilidad.
PACS: 47.11.Fg, 73.21.Ac, 87.15.La, 81.40.Lm, 81.70.Bt, 81.70.Pg
MSC: 76M10
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Referencias
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[38] P. C. Yashar and W. D. Sproul. Nanometer scale multilayered hard coatings. Vacuum, ISSN 0042–207X, 55(3–4), 179–190 (1999).
[2] Mohamed Gad-el-Hak. The MEMS Handbook, ISBN 978–0849300776.CRC Press, New York, 2002.
[3] W. D. Nix and H. J. Gao. Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: a law for strain gradient plasticity. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, ISSN 0022–5096, 46(3), 411–425 (1998).
[4] J. Lou, P. Shrotriya, T. Buchheit, D. Yang and W. O. Soboyejo. Nanoindentation study of plasticity length scale effects in LIGA Ni microelectromechanical systems structures. Journal of Materials Research, ISSN 0884–2914, 18(3), 719– 728 (2003).
[5] Y. Cao, S. Allameh, D. Nankivil, S. Sethiaraj, T. Otiti and W. Soboyejo. Nanoindentation measurements of the mechanical properties of polycrystalline Au and Ag thin films on silicon substrates: Effects of grain size and film thickness. Materials Science and Engineering A, ISSN 0921–5093, 427(1–2), 232–240 (2006).
[6] X. Chu, M. S. Wong, W. D. Sproul, S. L. Rohde and S. A. Barnett. Deposi- tion and properties of polycrystalline TiN/NbN superlattice coatings. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, ISSN 0734–2101, 10(4), 1604–1609 (1992).
[7] M. Setoyama, A. Nakayama, M. Tanaka, N. Kitagawa and T. Nomura. Formation of cubic-A1N in TiN/A1N superlattice. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 86, 225–230 (1996).
[8] M. M. Lacerda, Y. H. Chen, B. Zhou, M. U. Guruz and Y. W. Chung. Synthesis of hard TiN coatings with suppressed columnar growth and reducedstress. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, ISSN 0734–2101, 17(5), 2915–2919 (1999).
[9] Y. H. Chen, K.W. Lee,W. A. Chiou, Y.W. Chung and L. M. Keer. Synthesis and structure of smooth, superhard TiN/SiNx multilayer coatings with an equiaxed microstructure. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 146–147, 209–214 (2001).
[10] M. B. Daia, P. Aubert, S. Labdi, C. Sant, F. A. Sadi and Ph. Houdy. Nanoin- dentation investigation of Ti/TiN multilayers films. Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021–8979, 87, 7753–7757 (2000).
[11] S. J. Bull and A. M. Jones. Multilayer coatings for improved performance. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 78(1–3), 173–184 (1996).
[12] N. J. M. Carvalho, E. Zoestbergen, B. J. Kooi and J. Th. M. De Hosson. Stress analysis and microstructure of PVD monolayer TiN and multilayer TiN/(Ti,Al)N coatings. Thin Solid Films, ISSN 0040–6090, 429(1–2), 179-–189 (2003).
[13] A. Lousa, J. Romero, E. Martínez, J. Esteve, F. Montalà and L. Carreras Mul- tilayered chromium/chromium nitride coatings for use in pressure die-casting. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 146–147, 268–273 (2001).
[14] J. Romero, J. Esteve and A. Lousa. Period dependence of hardness and micros- tructure on nanometric Cr/CrN multilayers. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 188–189, 338–343 (2004).
[15] J. M. Lackner, W. Waldhauser, B. Berghauser, R. Ebner and G. Kothleitner. Growth phenomena in room temperature pulsed laser deposited chromium and chromium nitride coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 200(1–4), 387–390 (2005).
[16] L. Maillé, P. Aubert, C. Sant and P. Garnier. A mechanical study of W-N/W multilayers, Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 180–181, 483– 487 (2004).
[17] S. K. Kim, Y. J. Baik and D. Kwon. Analysis of interfacial strengthening from composite hardness of TiN/VN and TiN/NbN multilayer hard coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 187(1), 47–53 (2004).
[18] J. Romero, A. Lousa, E. Martinez and J. Esteve. Nanometric chro- mium/chromium carbide multilayers for tribological applications. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 163–164, 392–397 (2003).
[19] J. M. Lackner, W. Waldhauser, R. Major, L. Major and B. Major. Interface growth morphologies in pulsed laser deposited, room temperature grown multilayer hard coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 201(7), 4090– 4093 (2006).
[20] X. Huang and A. A. Pelegri. Mechanical Characterization of Thin Film Materials with Nanoindentation Measurements and FE Analysis. Journal of Composite Materials, ISSN 0021–9983, 40(15), 1393–1407 (2006).
[21] X. Huang and A. A. Pelegri. Finite element analysis on nanoindentation with friction contact at the film/substrate interface. Composites science and technology, ISSN 0266–3538, 67(7–8), 1311–1319 (2007).
[22] A. Yonezu, B. Xu and X. Chen. Indentation induced lateral crack in ceramics with surface hardening. Materials Science and Engineering: A, ISSN 0921–5093, 507(1-2), 226–235 (2009). Referenciado en 93
[23] Y. C. Lin, Y. J. Weng, D. J. Pen and H. C. Li. Deformation model of brittle and ductile materials under nano-indentation. Materials and Design, ISSN 0261–3069, 30(5), 1643–1649 (2009).
[24] Z. G. Zhang, O. Rapaud, N. Allain, D. Mercs, M. Baraket, C. Dong and C. Coddet. Microstructures and tribological properties of CrN/ZrN nanoscale multilayer coatings . Applied Surface Science, ISSN 0169–4332, 255(7), 4020–4026 (2009).
[25] Saulo P. Oliveira, Alexandre L. Madureira and Frederic Valentin. Weighted qua- drature rules for finite element methods. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, ISSN 0377–0427, 227(1), 93–101 (2009).
[26] S. Amaya–Roncancio and E. Restrepo–Parra. Finite elements modeling of multi- layers of Cr/CrN . Microelectronics Journal, ISSN 0026–2692, 39(11), 1336–1338 (2008).
[27] M. T. Tilbrook, D. J. Paton, Z. Xie and M. Hoffman. Microstructural Effects on Indentation Failure Mechanisms in TiN Coatings: Finite Element Simulations. Acta Materialia, ISSN 1359–6454, 55(7), 2489–2501 (2007).
[28] P. Beer, J. Rudnicki, L. Ciupinsky, M. A. Djouadi and C. Nouveau. Modifica- tion by composite coatings of knives made of low alloy steel for wood machining purposes. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 174–175, 434–439 (2003).
[29] Christopher H. M. Jenkins and Sanjeev K. Khanna. Mechanics of Materials: A Modern Integration of Mechanics and Materials in Structural Design, 1a edition, ISBN 0123838525. Academic Press, 2005.
[30] W. Zhang, Ch. Wang and G. S. Kassab. The mathematical formulation of a generalized Hooke’s law for blood vessels. Biomaterials, ISSN 0142–9612, 28(24), 3569–3578 (2007).
[31] G. Portnov and C. E. Bakis. Analysis of stress concentration during tension of round pultruded composite rods. Composite Structures, ISSN 0263–8223, 83(1), 100–109 (2008).
[32] ANSYS HPC, http://www.ansys.com/, mayo de 2009.
[33] M. Stubicar, A. Tonejc and N. Radic. Microhardness characterization of Al-W thin films. Vacuum, ISSN 0042–207X, 61(2), 309–316 (2001).
[34] M. Kot, W. A. Rakowski, L. Major, R. Major and J. Morgiel. Effect of bilayer period on properties of Cr/CrN multilayer coatings produced by laser ablation. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 202(15), 3501–3506 (2008).
[35] Tabla Módulo de Young, http://www.unalmed.edu.co/fisica/paginas/cursos/ paginas_cursos/recursos_web/tabla_periodica/programas/tabla_propiedades_ mecanicas/modulo_young/tabla_modulo_young.html, junio de 2009.
[36] E. Török, A. J. Perry, L. Chollet and W. D. Sproul. Young’s modulus of TiN, TiC, ZrN and HfN. Thin Solid Films, ISSN 0040–6090, 153(1–3), 37–43 (1987).
[37] K. Holmberg, A. Laukkanen, H. Ronkainen, K. Wallin, S. Varjus and J. Koskinen. Tribological contact analysis of a rigid ball sliding on a hard coated surface: Part II: Material deformations, influence of coating thickness and Young’s modulus. Surface and Coatings Technology, ISSN 0257–8972, 200(12–13), 3810–3823 (2006).
[38] P. C. Yashar and W. D. Sproul. Nanometer scale multilayered hard coatings. Vacuum, ISSN 0042–207X, 55(3–4), 179–190 (1999).