La Inteligencia Artificial en el ecosistema digital de Corea del Sur. Estrategias, tendencias y desafíos en la competencia global
Main Article Content
Keywords
Corea del Sur, Inteligencia artificial , ecosistema digital , tecnología
Resumen
En este trabajo se realiza un recorrido sobre las políticas de transformación digital y la implementación de tecnologías emergentes, especialmente Inteligencia Artificial, y su impacto en los ámbitos político y social de Corea del Sur. El objetivo principal es examinar cómo estas iniciativas han contribuido al desarrollo de un ecosistema digital sólido y al posicionamiento de Corea como líder global en tecnologías nuevas. Se examina cómo estas tecnologías han influido en la gestión de servicios públicos, la seguridad ciudadana y la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y cómo se ha posicionado el país al respecto de esta temática en el entorno global. Ello se efectúa a través de un análisis de datos secundarios, revisiones de literatura, normativas y estadísticas, así como de informes de organismos internacionales, para obtener una comprensión integral de los diversos aspectos relacionados con la transformación digital y la implementación de tecnologías de conjuntos de datos, redes e Inteligencia Artificial en Corea del Sur. Se espera que aporte a la comprensión de los factores clave para el éxito de las políticas de transformación digital, así como a la identificación de lecciones aprendidas y buenas prácticas que puedan ser aplicadas en otros contextos.
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Referencias
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Bartzokas A. (2008) Monitoring and analysis of policies and public financing instrumentsconducive to higher levels of R&D investments the ‘‘POLICY MIX’’ project: country reviewKorea. United Nations University and Social Research and Training Center on Innovation andTechnology Maastricht University, Maastricht.
Bavoleo, B. (2013). Contornos y trayectorias de internet en un país hiper-conectado. El rol del Estado en la difusión tecnológica en Corea del Sur. Punto Cero, Año 18 – N° 26, pp. 11-18.
Choi, J. (2022). South Korea’s Response to Surging AI Use in the US and China. Global Asia, Vol. 17. No. 4. Disponible en: https://www.globalasia.org/v17no4/cover/south-koreas-response-to-surging-ai-use-in-the-us-and-china_jaesik-choi
Chung C-s, H. Choi & Y. Cho (2022). Analysis of Digital Governance Transition in South Korea: Focusing on the Leadership of the President for Government Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, Volume 8, Issue 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010002.
Chung, C.-S. (2020). Developing Digital Governance: South Korea as a Global Digital Government Leader (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429054426
CISION (2021). Korea Kicks Off 'Data Dam'. Disponible en: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/korea-kicks-off-data-dam-301325717.html
Digital Government (2021). https://www.dgovkorea.go.kr/.
Digital Trade and Data Government Hub (2017). Mid- to Long-Term Master Plan in Preparation for the Intelligent Information Society Managing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. George Washington University. Obtenido de: https://datagovhub.elliott.gwu.edu/republic-of-korea-ai-strategy/
Intralink (2018). Artificial Intelligence South Korea. Market Intelligence Report. Department for International Trade, 1-26.
Intralink (2019). Digital Health South Korea Market Intelligence Report. 1-15. Disponible en: https://www.intralinkgroup.com/getmedia/3153c79b-463d-47c7-84e6-56848c98aab7/Intralink-Report_Life-Sciences_June2019
Jeong, J. (2022). Introduction of the First AI Impact Assessment and Future Tasks: South Korea Discussion. Laws, 11(5), 73. MDPI AG. Disponible en:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws11050073
Ju, H. (2009). Technology and Social Sensibility in South Korea: A Case Study of Mobile Phone Advertising, Communication. Culture and Critique, Volume 2, Issue 2, 201–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-9137.2009.01035.x
Jung, J. (2020). 5 Korean Edutech startups that are revolutionizing learning. Korea Tech Desk, 4 de agosto. Disponible en: https://www.koreatechdesk.com/5-korean-edutech-startups-that-are-revolutionizing-learning/
Kim, D, (2021). South Korea as a Fourth Industrial Revolution Middle Power?. Special Report, No. 5, KEI.
Lake, R. (2023). Shockwaves & Innovations: How Nations Worldwide Are Dealing with AI in Education. The74, 7 de agosto. Disponible en: https://www.the74million.org/article/shockwaves-innovations-how-nations-worldwide-are-dealing-with-ai-in-education/
Lee, D., J-y Hwang, Y. Lee & S-w. Kim (2023). Informatics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Education in Korea: Situation Analysis Using the Darmstadt Model. JOIV: Int. J. Inform. Visualization, 6 (2), 427-444.
Lee, K-f. (2020). Las superpotencias de la IA: China, Silicon Valley y el nuevo orden mundial. Deusto: Madrid.
Mishra, S. K. (2023). Global digital order and Korean proposal. The Korea Times. Disponible en: https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/opinion/2023/10/137_354759.html
Morales Estay, P. (2022). Áreas de cooperación entre Chile y Corea. Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile: Santiago.
MSIT (2022). Korea to announce national strategy to become a technology hegemon. Press Releases. Disponible en: https://www.msit.go.kr/eng/bbs/view.do?sCode=eng&mId=4&mPid=2&pageIndex=&bbsSeqNo=42&nttSeqNo=746&searchOpt=ALL&searchTxt=
MSIT (2023). South Korea presents a new digital order to the world!. Press Releases. Disponible en: https://www.korea.net/Government/Briefing-Room/Press-Releases/view?articleId=7042&insttCode=A110439&type=O
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Nature Portfolio (2023). South Korea, the perfect environment for digital health. A conversation with Prof. Chang Wan Oh, President of Biomedical Research Institute at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/d42473-020-00347-x
Oxford Economics (2019). How Robots Change the World. What Automation Really Means for Jobs and Productivity. 1-64. Disponible en: https://www.oxfordeconomics.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HowRobotsChangetheWorld.pdf
Oxford Insigths (2022). Government AI Readiness Index 2022, 1-161. Disponible en: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58b2e92c1e5b6c828058484e/t/639b495cc6b59c620c3ecde5/1671121299433/Government_AI_Readiness_2022_FV.pdf
Park, J-h. & C-u. Cho (2023). [Herald Interview] Minister turns to AI classes to cool competition in education. The Korea Herald, 8 de junio. Disponible en: https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20230608000715
Pew Research Center (2020). People globally offer mixed views of the impact of artificial intelligence, job automation on society. Disponible en: https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2020/12/15/people-globally-offer-mixed-views-of-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-job-automation-on-society/
Roh, T. & H. Nam (2020). Korean Government Announces the “National AI Strategy,” Jointly Developed by All Ministries. Newsletter, Kim & Chang. Disponible en: https://www.kimchang.com/en/insights/detail.kc?sch_section=4&idx=20865
Schwab, K. (2016). La cuarta revolución industrial. España: Editorial Debate.
Shim (2020). Korea’s homegrown AI medical solution goes to Saudi Arabia. The Korea Herald, 19 de julio. Disponible en: https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20200719000173
Shin, Y. (2019). The Spring of Artificial Intelligence in Its Global Winter. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 41(4), 71–82. doi:10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909
Willcocks, L. (2020). Robo-Apocalypse cancelled? Reframing the automation and future of work debate. Journal of Information Technology, 35(4), 286-302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268396220925830
Zhang, B.-T. (2016). Humans and Machines in the Evolution of AI in Korea. AI Magazine, 37(2), 108-112. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v37i2.2656.