Internationalization and Entrepreneurial Orientation. A Network perspective: Four Cases of Puerto Rican SMEs

Main Article Content

Karen L Orengo

Keywords

Pyme, relaciones de redes, orientación empresarial, internacionalización, administración de empresas internacionales, JEL, M16, L25, L26

Abstract

This paper examines the dynamic that is generated between the main traits of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) –autonomy, innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness– and network relationships for the international expansion of a business. The current study uses a qualitative case studies approach. The main form of data collection was personal interviews with predominantly managing directors, chief executive officers, export managers, and marketing managers. Our findings suggest that some components of the EO construct reflected by all of the cases are tools to exploit, maintain, and reach foreign markets. The network relationships become a vital component of the entrepreneurial traits reflected by each case.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Abstract 3073 | PDF Downloads 647 HTML (Español) Downloads 1259

References

Antoncic, B., & Hisrich, R.D. (2003). Clarifying the entrepreneurship concept. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 10(1), 7-24.

Asundi, R.K., Hamilton, L.C., & Orengo-Serra, K. (2008). Early Internationalizing SME's: The Case of Puerto Rico. 2008 International Council for Small Business World Conference, June 22-25, 2008. Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Barney, J.B., & Hansen, M. H. (1994). Trustworthiness as a Source of Competitive Advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 15, 175-190.

Besser, T., & Miller, N. (2005). Exploring Decision Strategies and Evaluations of Performance by Networked Small US Businesses. Journal of Development Entrepreneurship, 10(2), 167-186.

Besser, T.L., & Miller, N.J. (2010). Trust, high and low risk cooperative exchanges, and perceived benefits in formal business networks. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 11(2), 101-112.

Bodolica, V., & Spraggon, M. (2008). Comprendre l’internationalisation des PME de l’Ex-Unión Sovietique: le cas des PME exportatrices moldaves. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 21(4), 393-241.

Calof, J., & Beamish, P. (1995). Adapting to Foreign Markets Explaining Internationalization. International Business Review, 4(2), 115-131.

Chetty, S., & Campbell-Hunt, C. (2003). Explosive International Growth and Problems of Success amongst Small and Medium-Sized Firms. International Small Business Journal, 21(1), 5-27.

Coviello, N.E. & Munro, H.J. (1995). Growing the Entrepreneurial Firm: Networking for International Market Development. European Journal of Marketing, 29, 49-61.

Covin, J.G. & Slevin D.P. (1991). A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm Behavior. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-24.

Ellis, P., & Pecotich, A. (2001). Social factors Influencing Export Initiation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(1), 119-130.

Fernández, Z., & Nieto, M. (2005). Internationalization Strategy of Small and Medium-sized Family Businesses: Some Influential Factors. Family Business Review, 18(1), 77-89.

Ghauri, P., Lutz, C., & Tesfom, G. (2003). Using networks to solve export-marketing problems of small-and medium-sized firms from developing countries. European Journal of Marketing, 37(5/6), 728-752.

Gulati, R. (1999). Network Location and Learning: The Influence of Network Resources and Firm Capabilities on Alliance Formation. Strategic Management Journal, 20, 397-420.

Iyer, Karthink N.S. (2002). Learning in Strategic Alliances: An Evolutionary Perspective. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 10, 1-16. Retrieved from http://ejournal.narotama.ac.id/files/Learning%20in%20Strategic%20alliances,%20by%20Iyer,%20Karthik,%202002.pdf

Jaw & Cheng (2006). The influence of the Internet in the internationalization of SMEs in Taiwan. Human Systems Management, 25(3), 167-183.

Johanson, J., & Mattsson, L-G. (1988). Internationalisation in Industrial Systems-A Network Approach. In P.J. Buckley, & P.N. Ghauri (Eds.), The internationalization of the firm: a reader (pp. 303-321). London: Academic Press.

Jones, M.V, & Coviello, N.E. (2005). Internationalisation: conceptualising an entrepreneurial process of behaviour in time. Journal of International Business Studies, 36(3), 284-303.

Jones, R., & Rowley, J. (2011). Entrepreneurial Marketing in small businesses: a Conceptual Exploration. International Small Business Journal, 29(1), 25-36.

Keskin, H. (2006). Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Innovation Capabilities in SMEs. European Journal of Innovation Management, 9(4), 396-417.

Kogut, J. (1988). Asymptotic distribution of an IRT person fit index. Enschede: Department of Education of the University of Twente.

Kohli, A., & Jawroski, B. (1990). Market Orientation: the Construct, Research Propositions, and Managerial Implications. Journal of Marketing, 54, 1-18.

Kotler, P., & Lane, K. (2006). Marketing Management. (12th edition). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Kuratko, D.F., & Hodgetts, R.M. (2004). Entrepreneurship: Theory, Process and Practice. 6th edition. Mason, Ohio: Thompson South-Western.

Lu, J.W., & Beamish, P.W. (2001). The Internationalization and Performance of SMEs. Strategic Management Journal, 22, 565-584.

Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G. (1996). Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linkin It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.

Matsuno K., Mentzer J.T., & Özsomer, A. (2002). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Proclivity on Business Performance. Journal of Marketing, 66(3), 18-32.

McDougall, P., & Oviatt, B. (2005). Defining International Entrepreneurship and Modeling the Speed of Internationalization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(5), 537 S.

Naver, J.C., & Slater, S.F. (1990). The Effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54, 20-35.

Porter, M.E. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York, N.Y.: Free Press.

Yin, R. (1989). Case Study Research, Design and Methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

Zahra, S. (2005). Corporate entrepreneurship and growth. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Zahra, S., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization and Extension. Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185-203.

Zain, M., & Imm Ng, S. (2006). The Impacts of Networks Relationships on SMEs Internationalization Process. Thunderbird International Business Review, 48(2), 183-205.

Zhang, M., Macpherson, A., & Jones, O. (2006). Conceptualizing the Learning Process in SMEs. International Small Business Journal, 24(3), 299-323.