Exploring enabling factors for innovation outcomes. A firm-level analysis of Peruvian companies
Main Article Content
Keywords
Enabler factors, innovation outcomes, public funds, Peru
Abstract
Most innovation research has been primarily focused on developed countries, creating a gap in the literature related to innovation processes in emerging markets, such as Latin America. Even as some studies aim at this region, their approach is usually conducted from the standpoint of a R+D funding perspective only. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between resources for innovation and sources of innovation with innovation outcomes, using a sample of Peruvian companies that received public funds for the development of innovative activities. This study found evidence that resources for innovation and sources of innovation have a positive influence on innovation outcomes. Moreover, resources for innovation are related to non-technological innovation, although internal R+D is the most frequently used by companies, even when it is not related to product, nor to process innovation. Sources of innovation are related to product innovation and firms have shown an incipient use of inter-firm collaboration strategies to gain access to them.
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References
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Chudnovsky, D.; López, A. & Pupato, G. (2006). Innovation and productivity in developing countries: a study of Argentine manufacturing firms’ behaviour (1992–2001). Research Policy, 35(2), 266–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.10.002
Cohen, W. M. & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128–152. doi: 10.2307/2393553
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Cooke, P. (2008). Regional innovation systems, clean technology & Jacobian cluster platform policies. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 1(1), 23–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-7802.2008.00002.x
Dahlander, L. & Gann, D. M. (2010). How open is innovation? Research Policy, 39(6), 699–709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.01.013
Del Carpio Gallegos, J.F. & Miralles Torner, F. (2018). Absorptive capacity and innovation in low-tech companies in emerging economies. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 13(2), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000200003.
Dodgson, M. (2014). Collaboration and Innovation Management. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 462-481). Oxford: University Press.
Dodgson, M., Gann, D. & Phillips, N. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management. Oxford: University Press
Dziallas, M. & Blind, K. (2019). Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process: An extensive literature analysis. Technovation, 80-81, 3-19. doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.05.005
Fagerberg, J., Srholec, M. & Verspagen, B. (2010). Innovation and Economic Development. In B. Hall & N. Rosenberg (Eds), Handbook of the Economics of Innovation (pp. 833-872). Amsterdam: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7218(10)02004-6
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Fernández-Sastre, J., & Vaca-Vera, C. E. (2017). Cooperation for innovation in developing countries and its effects: evidence from Ecuador. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 12(3), 48 – 57. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000300005.
Fonseca, T., De Faria, P. & Lima, F. (2019). Human capital and innovation: the importance of the optimal organizational task structure. Research Policy, 48(3), 616-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.10.010
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Germán, A., Nogueira, M., Duarte, J. L. & Subtil de Oliveira, L. (2016). The effect of innovation activities on innovation outputs in the Brazilian industry: Market-orientation vs. technology-acquisition strategies. Research Policy, 45(3), 577-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2015.11.011.
Heredia-Pérez, J.A., Geldes, C., Kunc, M. H. & Flores, A. (2019). New approach to the innovation process in emerging economies: The manufacturing sector case in Chile and Peru. Technovation, 79, 35-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.02.012.
INEI (2017). Perú: Encuesta Nacional de Innovación en la Industria Manufacturera 2015. Lima: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1415/libro.pdf.
Kastelle, T., & Steen, J. (2014). Networks of Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 102-120). Oxford: University Press.
Ketelhöhn, N. & Ogliastri, E. (2013). Introduction: innovation in Latin America. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración. 26(1), 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-05-2013-0037.
Laursen, K. & Foss, N. (2014). Human Resource Management Practices and Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 505-529). Oxford: University Press.
Ma, L. Zhai, X., Zhong, W. & Zhang, Z.X. (2019). Deploying Human Capital for Innovation: a study of multi-country manufacturing firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 208, 241-253. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.12.001.
McGuirk, H., Lenihan, H. & Hart, M. (2015). Measuring the impact of innovative human capital on small firms’ propensity to innovate. Research Policy, 44(4), 965-976. doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.11.008.
Mairesse, J. & Mohnen, P. (2010). Using innovation surveys for econometric analysis. In B. H. Hall, & N. Rosenberg (Eds.). Handbook of the economics of innovation (pp. 1129-1155). Elsevier.
Malerba, F. & Adams, P. (2014). Sectoral Systems of Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 183-203). Oxford: University Press.
Martínez-Román, J.A., Gamero, J. & Tamayo, J.A. (2011). Analysis of innovation in SMEs using an innovative capability-based non-linear model: a study in the province of Seville (Spain). Technovation, 31(9), 459–475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2011.05.005.
Morales, R.M. & Sifontes, D.A. (2014). Patents and R&D cooperation in Latin America. Investigación y Desarrollo, 22(1). 22-38. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/indes/v22n1/v22n1a02.pdf
Mowery, D. C., Oxley, J. E., & Silverman, B. S. (1996). Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171108
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Petti, C. & Zhang, Sh. (2011). Factors influencing technological entrepreneurship capabilities. Journal of Technology Management in China, 6(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/17468771111105631
Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(1), 116-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393988
Santos, D.F.L., Cruz, L.F., Kimura, H. & Kazuo, E. (2014). Innovation efforts and performances of Brazilian firms. Journal of Business Research, 67(4), 527–535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.009.
Schilling, M. A. & Phelps, C. C. (2007). Interfirm Collaboration Networks: The Impact of Large-Scale Network Structure on Firm Innovation. Management Science, 53(7), 1113-1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1060.0624
Schneider, B. R. (2013). Hierarchical capitalism in Latin America. Business, Labor, and the Challenges of Equitable Development. Cambridge University Press. 1st ed. New York, United States. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107300446
Seclen-Luna, J.P & López-Valladares, H. (2020). Influence of the use of tools for managing the early stage of product innovation process. Innovar, 30(76), 119-130. doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v30n76.85217.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Barrutia-Güenaga, J. (2019). Gestión de la Innovación Empresarial: Conceptos, Modelos y Sistemas. Lima: Fondo Editorial PUCP.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Barrutia-Güenaga, J. (2018). KIBS and Innovation in Machine Tool Manufacturers. Evidence from the Basque Country. International Journal of Business Environment, 10(2), 112 – 131. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2018.095808.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Ponce-Regalado, F. (2018). Caracterización del proceso de innovación de empresas innovadoras peruanas: un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo. En C. Chávez-Rodríguez y C. Garrido-Noguera (Eds). La Vinculación Universidad-Empresa para el desarrollo integral con impacto social, (pp. 436 – 453). Ciudad de México: RED ALCUE – UDUAL. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26784/sbir.v2i1.20.
Sun, X., Li, H. & Ghosal, V. (2020). Firm-level human capital and innovation: evidence from China. China Economic Review, 59. doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2019.101388
Teece, D. J. (2010). Technological innovation and the theory of the firm: The role of enterprise-level knowledge, complementarities, and (dynamic) capabilities. Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, 1, 679-730.
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. doi:10.1002/smj.640
Tello-Gamarra, J., Machado Leo, R., Mello Silva, A. & Wendland, J. (2018). Innovation studies in Latin America: a bibliometric analysis. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 13(4), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000400024.
Tidd, J. & Bessant, J. (2013). Managing innovation: integrating technological, market and organizational change (5th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
World Economic Forum (2018). The Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018. Geneva: WEF.
Yrigoyen, J. I. (2013). Explorando Distintos Tipos de Innovación en Micro y Pequeñas Empresas Peruanas. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 8, 72-82. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242013000300062
Yuqian, H. & Dayuan, L. (2015). Effects of intellectual capital on innovative performance. Management Decision. 53(1), 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MD-08-2013-0411.
Zeng, S.X., Xie, X.M. & Tam, C.M. (2010). Relationship between cooperation networks and innovation performance of SMEs. Technovation, 30(3), 181–194. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.technovation.2009.08.003.
Zhu, Y., Wittmann, X. & Peng, M.W. (2012). Institution-based barriers to innovation in SMEs in China. Asia Pacific Journal Management, 29(4), 1131–1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9263-7.
Anzola-Román, P., Bayona-Sáez, C. & García-Marco, T. (2018). Organizational innovation, internal R&D and externally sourced innovation practices: Effects on technological innovation outcomes. Journal of Business Research, 91, 233–247. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.06.014
Barringer, B. R. & Harrison, J. S. (2000). Walking a Tightrope: Creating Value through Interorganizational Relationships. Journal of Management, 26(3), 367-403. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600302
Becheikh, N., Landry, R. & Amara, N. (2006). Lessons from innovation empirical studies in the manufacturing sector: a systematic review of the literature from 1993–2003. Technovation, 26(5), 644–664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2005.06.016.
Burt, R. S. (2004). Structural Holes and Good Ideas. American Journal of Sociology, 110(2), 349-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/421787.
Bustinza, O. F., Gomes, E., Vendrell‐Herrero, F. & Baines, T. (2019). Product–service innovation and performance: the role of collaborative partnerships and R&D intensity. R&D Management, 49(1), 33-45. doi.org/10.1111/radm.12269.
Catozzella, A. & Vivarelli, M. (2014). The catalysing role of in-house R&D in fostering complementarity among innovative inputs. Industry & Innovation, 21(3), 179–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2014.910890.
Chudnovsky, D.; López, A. & Pupato, G. (2006). Innovation and productivity in developing countries: a study of Argentine manufacturing firms’ behaviour (1992–2001). Research Policy, 35(2), 266–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.10.002
Cohen, W. M. & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128–152. doi: 10.2307/2393553
CONCYTEC (2018). Memoria Institucional 2017. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica. Lima, Perú.
Cooke, P. (2008). Regional innovation systems, clean technology & Jacobian cluster platform policies. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 1(1), 23–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1757-7802.2008.00002.x
Dahlander, L. & Gann, D. M. (2010). How open is innovation? Research Policy, 39(6), 699–709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.01.013
Del Carpio Gallegos, J.F. & Miralles Torner, F. (2018). Absorptive capacity and innovation in low-tech companies in emerging economies. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 13(2), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000200003.
Dodgson, M. (2014). Collaboration and Innovation Management. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 462-481). Oxford: University Press.
Dodgson, M., Gann, D. & Phillips, N. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management. Oxford: University Press
Dziallas, M. & Blind, K. (2019). Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process: An extensive literature analysis. Technovation, 80-81, 3-19. doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.05.005
Fagerberg, J., Srholec, M. & Verspagen, B. (2010). Innovation and Economic Development. In B. Hall & N. Rosenberg (Eds), Handbook of the Economics of Innovation (pp. 833-872). Amsterdam: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7218(10)02004-6
Feldens, M., Maccari, E. & Garcez, M. (2012). Barriers for production innovation in small and medium technology-based firms in Brazil. Brazilian Business Review, 9(3), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2012.9.3.1
Fernández-Sastre, J., & Vaca-Vera, C. E. (2017). Cooperation for innovation in developing countries and its effects: evidence from Ecuador. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 12(3), 48 – 57. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000300005.
Fonseca, T., De Faria, P. & Lima, F. (2019). Human capital and innovation: the importance of the optimal organizational task structure. Research Policy, 48(3), 616-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.10.010
Geldes, C., Felzensztein, C. & Palacios, J. (2017). Technological and non-technological innovations, performance and propensity to innovate across industries. The case of an emerging economy. Industrial Marketing Management, 61, 55–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.10.010.
Germán, A., Nogueira, M., Duarte, J. L. & Subtil de Oliveira, L. (2016). The effect of innovation activities on innovation outputs in the Brazilian industry: Market-orientation vs. technology-acquisition strategies. Research Policy, 45(3), 577-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2015.11.011.
Heredia-Pérez, J.A., Geldes, C., Kunc, M. H. & Flores, A. (2019). New approach to the innovation process in emerging economies: The manufacturing sector case in Chile and Peru. Technovation, 79, 35-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2018.02.012.
INEI (2017). Perú: Encuesta Nacional de Innovación en la Industria Manufacturera 2015. Lima: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1415/libro.pdf.
Kastelle, T., & Steen, J. (2014). Networks of Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 102-120). Oxford: University Press.
Ketelhöhn, N. & Ogliastri, E. (2013). Introduction: innovation in Latin America. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración. 26(1), 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-05-2013-0037.
Laursen, K. & Foss, N. (2014). Human Resource Management Practices and Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 505-529). Oxford: University Press.
Ma, L. Zhai, X., Zhong, W. & Zhang, Z.X. (2019). Deploying Human Capital for Innovation: a study of multi-country manufacturing firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 208, 241-253. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.12.001.
McGuirk, H., Lenihan, H. & Hart, M. (2015). Measuring the impact of innovative human capital on small firms’ propensity to innovate. Research Policy, 44(4), 965-976. doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.11.008.
Mairesse, J. & Mohnen, P. (2010). Using innovation surveys for econometric analysis. In B. H. Hall, & N. Rosenberg (Eds.). Handbook of the economics of innovation (pp. 1129-1155). Elsevier.
Malerba, F. & Adams, P. (2014). Sectoral Systems of Innovation. In Dodgson, M., Gann, D. and Phillips, N. (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, (pp. 183-203). Oxford: University Press.
Martínez-Román, J.A., Gamero, J. & Tamayo, J.A. (2011). Analysis of innovation in SMEs using an innovative capability-based non-linear model: a study in the province of Seville (Spain). Technovation, 31(9), 459–475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2011.05.005.
Morales, R.M. & Sifontes, D.A. (2014). Patents and R&D cooperation in Latin America. Investigación y Desarrollo, 22(1). 22-38. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/indes/v22n1/v22n1a02.pdf
Mowery, D. C., Oxley, J. E., & Silverman, B. S. (1996). Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171108
OCDE & EUROSTAT (2005). Manual de Oslo: Guía para la recogida e interpretación de datos sobre innovación. Tercera Edición. Madrid: OCDE.
OECD & EUROSTAT (2018). Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities. OECD Publishing, Paris/Eurostat, Luxembourg.
Petti, C. & Zhang, Sh. (2011). Factors influencing technological entrepreneurship capabilities. Journal of Technology Management in China, 6(1), 7-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/17468771111105631
Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(1), 116-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393988
Santos, D.F.L., Cruz, L.F., Kimura, H. & Kazuo, E. (2014). Innovation efforts and performances of Brazilian firms. Journal of Business Research, 67(4), 527–535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.009.
Schilling, M. A. & Phelps, C. C. (2007). Interfirm Collaboration Networks: The Impact of Large-Scale Network Structure on Firm Innovation. Management Science, 53(7), 1113-1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1060.0624
Schneider, B. R. (2013). Hierarchical capitalism in Latin America. Business, Labor, and the Challenges of Equitable Development. Cambridge University Press. 1st ed. New York, United States. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107300446
Seclen-Luna, J.P & López-Valladares, H. (2020). Influence of the use of tools for managing the early stage of product innovation process. Innovar, 30(76), 119-130. doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v30n76.85217.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Barrutia-Güenaga, J. (2019). Gestión de la Innovación Empresarial: Conceptos, Modelos y Sistemas. Lima: Fondo Editorial PUCP.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Barrutia-Güenaga, J. (2018). KIBS and Innovation in Machine Tool Manufacturers. Evidence from the Basque Country. International Journal of Business Environment, 10(2), 112 – 131. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2018.095808.
Seclen-Luna, J.P. & Ponce-Regalado, F. (2018). Caracterización del proceso de innovación de empresas innovadoras peruanas: un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo. En C. Chávez-Rodríguez y C. Garrido-Noguera (Eds). La Vinculación Universidad-Empresa para el desarrollo integral con impacto social, (pp. 436 – 453). Ciudad de México: RED ALCUE – UDUAL. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26784/sbir.v2i1.20.
Sun, X., Li, H. & Ghosal, V. (2020). Firm-level human capital and innovation: evidence from China. China Economic Review, 59. doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2019.101388
Teece, D. J. (2010). Technological innovation and the theory of the firm: The role of enterprise-level knowledge, complementarities, and (dynamic) capabilities. Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, 1, 679-730.
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. doi:10.1002/smj.640
Tello-Gamarra, J., Machado Leo, R., Mello Silva, A. & Wendland, J. (2018). Innovation studies in Latin America: a bibliometric analysis. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 13(4), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242018000400024.
Tidd, J. & Bessant, J. (2013). Managing innovation: integrating technological, market and organizational change (5th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
World Economic Forum (2018). The Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018. Geneva: WEF.
Yrigoyen, J. I. (2013). Explorando Distintos Tipos de Innovación en Micro y Pequeñas Empresas Peruanas. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 8, 72-82. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242013000300062
Yuqian, H. & Dayuan, L. (2015). Effects of intellectual capital on innovative performance. Management Decision. 53(1), 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MD-08-2013-0411.
Zeng, S.X., Xie, X.M. & Tam, C.M. (2010). Relationship between cooperation networks and innovation performance of SMEs. Technovation, 30(3), 181–194. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.technovation.2009.08.003.
Zhu, Y., Wittmann, X. & Peng, M.W. (2012). Institution-based barriers to innovation in SMEs in China. Asia Pacific Journal Management, 29(4), 1131–1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9263-7.
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Jun 30, 2020
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How to Cite
Seclen-Luna, J. P., Ponce Regalado, F., & Cordova, M. (2020). Exploring enabling factors for innovation outcomes. A firm-level analysis of Peruvian companies. AD-Minister, (36), 97–112. https://doi.org/10.17230/Ad-minister.36.5
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Research Articles
Author Biographies
Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
Doctorado en Ciencias Económicas por la Universidad del País Vasco (España), profesor asociado a tiempo completo en la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, correo electrónico: jseclen@pucp.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683- 0570Fátima Ponce Regalado, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
M.D. in Economics by the Pontifical Catholic University of Río de Janeiro (Brazil), Associate Professor Full Time at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, email: fponce@pucp.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-4029
Miguel Cordova, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
D. in Business Administration by the Business School Centrum Católica, Associate Professor Full Time at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, email: cordova.miguel@pucp.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-8803
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