Optimal placement of distributed generation in electric power system
Main Article Content
Keywords
optimal power flow, distributed generation, locational marginal prices.
Abstract
This paper presents a methodology for optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) in electric power system. The candidate buses for DG placement
are identified on the bases of locational marginal prices. These prices are obtained by solving an optimal power flow (OPF) and correspond to the Lagrange multipliers of the active power balance equations in every bus of the system.
In order to consider the distributed generation in the OPF model, the DG was modeled as a negative injection of active power. The methodology consists of
a nonlinear iterative process in which DG is allocated in the bus with the highest locational marginal price. Three types of DG were considered in the model: 1) internal combustion engines, 2) gas turbines and 3) microturbines.
The proposed methodology is tested on the IEEE 30 bus test system. The results obtained show that DG contributes to the reduction of nodal prices, and it can help to alleviate congestion problems in the transmission network.
are identified on the bases of locational marginal prices. These prices are obtained by solving an optimal power flow (OPF) and correspond to the Lagrange multipliers of the active power balance equations in every bus of the system.
In order to consider the distributed generation in the OPF model, the DG was modeled as a negative injection of active power. The methodology consists of
a nonlinear iterative process in which DG is allocated in the bus with the highest locational marginal price. Three types of DG were considered in the model: 1) internal combustion engines, 2) gas turbines and 3) microturbines.
The proposed methodology is tested on the IEEE 30 bus test system. The results obtained show that DG contributes to the reduction of nodal prices, and it can help to alleviate congestion problems in the transmission network.
PACS: 88.80.H-, 88.50.Mp
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References
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[2] CIRED Working Group No 4 on Dispersed Generation Preliminary Report for Discussion at CIRED 1999 (International Conference on Electricity Distribution), Belgium, 1999.
[3] CIGRE Working GroupWG 37–23. Impact of increasing contribution of dispersed generation of the power system, 1997.
[4] G. Celli, E. Ghiani, S. Mocci and F. Pilo. A multiobjetive evolutionary algorithm for the sizing and siting of distributed generation. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, ISSN 0885-8950, 20(2), 750–757 (2005).
[5] C. Borges and M. Falc˜ao. Optimal distributed generation allocation for reliability losses and voltage improvement . International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, ISSN 0142–0615, 28(6), 413–420 (2006).
[6] W. Rosehart and E. Nowicki. Optimal placement of distribution generation. Proceedings of the 14th Power System Computation Conference, section 11 paper 2, 2001.
[7] D. H. Popovic, J.A. Greatbanks, M. Begovic and A. Pergel Placement of distributed generators and reclosers for distribution network security and reliability. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, ISSN 0142–0615, 27(5–6), 398–408(2005).
[8] H. L.Willis. Analytical methods and rules of thumbs for modeling DG-Distribution interaction.Proceedings of the IEEE Power Engineering Society SummerMeeting, 3, 1643–1644 (2000).
[9] C. Wang and M. Hashem. Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributes generation sources in power systems.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, ISSN 0885–8950, 19(4), 2068–2076 (2004).
[10] D. Gautam and N. Mirhulananthan. Optimal DG placement in deregulated electricity market . Electric Power Systems Research, ISSN 0378–7796, 77(12), 1627– 1636 (2007).
[11] W. El-Khattam and M.M.A. Salama. Distribution generation technologies, definitions and benefits. Electric Power Systems Research, ISSN 0378–7796, 71(2), 119-128 (2004).
[12] E. E. Silva Lora e J. Haddad. Ger˜a¸cao distribu´ıda: aspetos tecnol´ogicos, ambientais e institucionais, ISBN 8571931453. Editoral Interci˜encias, 2006.
[13] Zimmerman R. and C. Murillo-Sanchez. MATPOWER 3.2: A MATLAB Power System Simulation Package. http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/, September 2007.
[14] H. Lee Willis and Walter G. Scott. Distributed Power Generation: Planning and Evaluation, ISBN 0824703367, Marcel Dekker, 2000.